Machine expert basic programming manual

EIO0000003281 02/2020 . 2020 Schneider Electric. . The information in this manual is applicable only for EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic products.

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EIO0000003281.01

EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Operating Guide 02/2020 www.schneider-electric.com EIO0000003281.01 The information provided in this documentation contains general descriptions and/or technical characteristics of the performance of the products contained herein. This documentation is not intended as a substitute for and is not to be used for determining suitability or reliability of these products for specific user applications. It is the duty of any such user or integrator to perform the appropriate and complete risk analysis, evaluation and testing of the products with respect to the relevant specific application or use thereof. Neither Schneider Electric nor any of its affiliates or subsidiaries shall be responsible or liable for misuse of the information contained herein. If you have any suggestions for improvements or amendments or have found errors in this publication, please notify us. You agree not to reproduce, other than for your own personal, noncommercial use, all or part of this document on any medium whatsoever without permission of Schneider Electric, given in writing. You also agree not to establish any hypertext links to this document or its content. Schneider Electric does not grant any right or license for the personal and noncommercial use of the document or its content, except for a non-exclusive license to consult it on an "as is" basis, at your own risk. All other rights are reserved. All pertinent state, regional, and local safety regulations must be observed when installing and using this product. For reasons of safety and to help ensure compliance with documented system data, only the manufacturer should perform repairs to components. When devices are used for applications with technical safety requirements, the relevant instructions must be followed. Failure to use Schneider Electric software or approved software with our hardware products may result in injury, harm, or improper operating results. Failure to observe this information can result in injury or equipment damage. © 2020 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved. 2 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Table of Contents Safety Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 About the Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Part I Getting Started with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Chapter 1 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . 21 1.1 System Requirements and Supported Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Supported Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Supported Programming Languages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1.2 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic User Interface Basics . . . . . . . . 27 Creating Projects With EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . . . . . 28 Developing Programs With EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . . 29 Navigating Within EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 1.3 The Start Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Introduction to the Start Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Registering the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Software . . . . . 34 Open Project Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Project Templates Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Help Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Part II Developing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Chapter 2 The EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window . . . . . 43 2.1 Overview of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window . . . . . . 44 Toolbar Buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Status Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 System Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Print Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Chapter 3 Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.1 Overview of the Properties Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 The Properties Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Project Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 EIO0000003281 02/2020 3 Chapter 4 4.1 Chapter 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the Configuration Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the Configuration Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building a Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the Programming Workspace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the Programming Workspace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Special Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Symbolic Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ladder/List Reversibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Program Behavior and Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tasks and Scan Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing POUs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing POUs with Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing Grafcet (SFC) POUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Free POUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User-Defined Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a User-Defined Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defining a User-Defined Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing User-Defined Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User-Defined Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a User-Defined Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defining a User-Defined Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing User-Defined Function Blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Master Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Master Task Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Master Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Strings in Constant words. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assigning Strings in Memory Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 64 65 66 67 68 68 69 70 71 73 74 79 80 85 88 89 90 93 96 98 102 103 104 108 110 111 112 115 117 118 119 121 123 124 125 4 EIO0000003281 02/2020 5.9 Periodic Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating Periodic Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Periodic Task Scan Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.10 Event Task. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of Event Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Event Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Event Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing Event Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.11 Using Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Animation Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I/O Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Software Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PTO Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drive Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communication Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Search and Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Symbol List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory Consumption View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12 Ladder Language Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction to Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Principles for Ladder Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Color Coding of Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ladder Diagram Graphic Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comparison Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operation Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Best Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.13 Instruction List Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of Instruction List Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operation of List Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List Language Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 129 131 132 133 134 135 136 139 140 142 147 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 161 162 167 169 170 172 174 176 183 184 188 189 192 193 196 197 201 EIO0000003281 02/2020 5 5.14 5.15 5.16 Chapter 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Chapter 7 Grafcet (List) Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description of Grafcet (List) Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grafcet (List) Program Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How to Use Grafcet (List) Instructions in an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grafcet (SFC) Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction to Grafcet (SFC) Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Grafcet (SFC) Graphical Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Branching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Best Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debugging in Online Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trace Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modifying Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forcing Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Online Mode Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the Commissioning Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the Commissioning Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Connect to a Logic Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Connecting to a Logic Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Downloading and Uploading Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controller Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controller Firmware Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing Logic Controller Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controller Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controller Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RTC Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing the RTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator . . . . . EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator I/O Manager Window EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Time Management Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modifying Values Using EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator How to Use the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator . . . . . Launching Simulation in Vijeo-Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 205 206 210 212 213 216 220 225 227 228 231 232 233 241 242 242 243 244 251 255 255 256 256 262 262 264 264 265 266 268 270 273 278 279 6 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Chapter 8 Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Saving a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 Saving a Project As a Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Appendix A Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic . . 287 Appendix B EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts 297 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts . . . . . . . . . 297 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 EIO0000003281 02/2020 7 8 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Safety Information Important Information NOTICE Read these instructions carefully, and look at the equipment to become familiar with the device before trying to install, operate, service, or maintain it. The following special messages may appear throughout this documentation or on the equipment to warn of potential hazards or to call attention to information that clarifies or simplifies a procedure. EIO0000003281 02/2020 9 PLEASE NOTE Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced, and maintained only by qualified personnel. No responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any consequences arising out of the use of this material. A qualified person is one who has skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of electrical equipment and its installation, and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the hazards involved. 10 EIO0000003281 02/2020 About the Book At a Glance Document Scope This guide describes how to use the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software to configure, program, and commission applications for supported logic controllers. Validity Note The information in this manual is applicable only for EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic products. This document has been updated for the release of EcoStruxureTM Machine Expert - Basic V1.1. Related Documents Title of Documentation Reference Number EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Generic Functions - Library Guide EIO0000003289 (ENG) EIO0000003290 (FRE) EIO0000003291 (GER) EIO0000003292 (SPA) EIO0000003293 (ITA) EIO0000003294 (CHS) EIO0000003295 (POR) EIO0000003296 (TUR) Modicon M221 Logic Controller Advanced Functions - Library Guide EIO0000003305 (ENG) EIO0000003306 (FRE) EIO0000003307 (GER) EIO0000003308 (SPA) EIO0000003309 (ITA) EIO0000003310 (CHS) EIO0000003311 (POR) EIO0000003312 (TUR) Modicon M221 Logic Controller - Programming Guide EIO0000003297 (ENG) EIO0000003298 (FRE) EIO0000003299 (GER) EIO0000003300 (SPA) EIO0000003301 (ITA) EIO0000003302 (CHS) EIO0000003303 (POR) EIO0000003304 (TUR) EIO0000003281 02/2020 11 Title of Documentation Reference Number Modicon M221 Logic Controller - Hardware Guide EIO0000003313 (ENG) EIO0000003314 (FRE) EIO0000003315 (GER) EIO0000003316 (SPA) EIO0000003317 (ITA) EIO0000003318 (CHS) EIO0000003319 (POR) EIO0000003320 (TUR) Modicon TMC2 Cartridge - Programming Guide EIO0000003329 (ENG) EIO0000003330 (FRE) EIO0000003331 (GER) EIO0000003332 (SPA) EIO0000003333 (ITA) EIO0000003334 (CHS) EIO0000003335 (POR) EIO0000003336 (TUR) Modicon TMC2 Cartridge - Hardware Guide EIO0000003337 (ENG) EIO0000003338 (FRE) EIO0000003339 (GER) EIO0000003340 (SPA) EIO0000003341 (ITA) EIO0000003342 (CHS) EIO0000003343 (POR) EIO0000003344 (TUR) Modicon TM3 Expansion Modules Configuration - Programming Guide EIO0000003345 (ENG) EIO0000003346 (FRE) EIO0000003347 (GER) EIO0000003348 (SPA) EIO0000003349 (ITA) EIO0000003350 (CHS) EIO0000003351 (POR) EIO0000003352 (TUR) Modicon TM3 Digital I/O Modules - Hardware Guide EIO0000003125 (ENG) EIO0000003126 (FRE) EIO0000003127 (GER) EIO0000003128 (SPA) EIO0000003129 (ITA) EIO0000003130 (CHS) EIO0000003424 (POR) EIO0000003425 (TUR) 12 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Title of Documentation Reference Number Modicon TM3 Analog I/O Modules - Hardware Guide EIO0000003131 (ENG) EIO0000003132 (FRE) EIO0000003133 (GER) EIO0000003134 (SPA) EIO0000003135 (ITA) EIO0000003136 (CHS) EIO0000003426 (POR) EIO0000003427 (TUR) Modicon TM3 Expert Modules - Hardware Guide EIO0000003137 (ENG) EIO0000003138 (FRE) EIO0000003139 (GER) EIO0000003140 (SPA) EIO0000003141 (ITA) EIO0000003142 (CHS) EIO0000003428 (POR) EIO0000003429 (TUR) Modicon TM3 Safety Modules - Hardware Guide EIO0000003353 (ENG) EIO0000003354 (FRE) EIO0000003355 (GER) EIO0000003356 (SPA) EIO0000003357 (ITA) EIO0000003358 (CHS) EIO0000003359 (POR) EIO0000003360 (TUR) Modicon TM3 Transmitter and Receiver Modules - Hardware Guide EIO0000003143 (ENG) EIO0000003144 (FRE) EIO0000003145 (GER) EIO0000003146 (SPA) EIO0000003147 (ITA) EIO0000003148 (CHS) EIO0000003430 (POR) EIO0000003431 (TUR) Modicon TM2 Expansion Modules Configuration - Programming Guide EIO0000003432 (ENG) EIO0000003433 (FRE) EIO0000003434 (GER) EIO0000003435 (SPA) EIO0000003436 (ITA) EIO0000003437 (CHS) Modicon TM2 Digital I/O Modules - Hardware Guide EIO0000000028 (ENG) EIO0000000029 (FRE) EIO0000000030 (GER) EIO0000000031 (SPA) EIO0000000032 (ITA) EIO0000000033 (CHS) EIO0000003281 02/2020 13 Title of Documentation Modicon TM2 Analog I/O Modules - Hardware Guide SR2MOD02 and SR2MOD03 Wireless Modem - User Guide Reference Number EIO0000000034 (ENG) EIO0000000035 (FRE) EIO0000000036 (GER) EIO0000000037 (SPA) EIO0000000038 (ITA) EIO0000000039 (CHS) EIO0000001575 (ENG) You can download these technical publications and other technical information from our website at https://www.se.com/ww/en/download/. The characteristics that are described in the present document, as well as other related documents, should be the same as those characteristics that appear online. In line with our policy of constant improvement, we may revise content over time to improve clarity and accuracy. If you see a difference between the document and online information, use the online information as your reference. 14 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Product Related Information WARNING LOSS OF CONTROL The designer of any control scheme must consider the potential failure modes of control paths and, for certain critical control functions, provide a means to achieve a safe state during and after a path failure. Examples of critical control functions are emergency stop and overtravel stop, power outage and restart. Separate or redundant control paths must be provided for critical control functions. System control paths may include communication links. Consideration must be given to the implications of unanticipated transmission delays or failures of the link. Observe all accident prevention regulations and local safety guidelines.1 Each implementation of this equipment must be individually and thoroughly tested for proper operation before being placed into service. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. 1 For additional information, refer to NEMA ICS 1.1 (latest edition), "Safety Guidelines for the Application, Installation, and Maintenance of Solid State Control" and to NEMA ICS 7.1 (latest edition), "Safety Standards for Construction and Guide for Selection, Installation and Operation of Adjustable-Speed Drive Systems" or their equivalent governing your particular location. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Only use software approved by Schneider Electric for use with this equipment. Update your application program every time you change the physical hardware configuration. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. EIO0000003281 02/2020 15 Terminology Derived from Standards The technical terms, terminology, symbols and the corresponding descriptions in this manual, or that appear in or on the products themselves, are generally derived from the terms or definitions of international standards. In the area of functional safety systems, drives and general automation, this may include, but is not limited to, terms such as safety, safety function, safe state, fault, fault reset, malfunction, failure, error, error message, dangerous, etc. Among others, these standards include: Standard IEC 61131-2:2007 ISO 13849-1:2015 EN 61496-1:2013 ISO 12100:2010 EN 60204-1:2006 ISO 14119:2013 ISO 13850:2015 IEC 62061:2015 IEC 61508-1:2010 IEC 61508-2:2010 IEC 61508-3:2010 IEC 61784-3:2016 2006/42/EC 2014/30/EU 2014/35/EU Description Programmable controllers, part 2: Equipment requirements and tests. Safety of machinery: Safety related parts of control systems. General principles for design. Safety of machinery: Electro-sensitive protective equipment. Part 1: General requirements and tests. Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and selection Safety of machinery - Emergency stop - Principles for design Safety of machinery - Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic, and electronic programmable control systems Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safetyrelated systems: General requirements. Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safetyrelated systems: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems. Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safetyrelated systems: Software requirements. Industrial communication networks - Profiles - Part 3: Functional safety fieldbuses - General rules and profile definitions. Machinery Directive Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive Low Voltage Directive 16 EIO0000003281 02/2020 In addition, terms used in the present document may tangentially be used as they are derived from other standards such as: Standard IEC 60034 series IEC 61800 series IEC 61158 series Description Rotating electrical machines Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems Digital data communications for measurement and control ­ Fieldbus for use in industrial control systems Finally, the term zone of operation may be used in conjunction with the description of specific hazards, and is defined as it is for a hazard zone or danger zone in the Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC) and ISO 12100:2010. NOTE: The aforementioned standards may or may not apply to the specific products cited in the present documentation. For more information concerning the individual standards applicable to the products described herein, see the characteristics tables for those product references. EIO0000003281 02/2020 17 18 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Getting Started with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 Getting Started with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Part I Getting Started with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 19 Getting Started with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic 20 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Chapter 1 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic What Is in This Chapter? This chapter contains the following sections: Section 1.1 1.2 1.3 Topic System Requirements and Supported Devices EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic User Interface Basics The Start Menu Page 22 27 32 EIO0000003281 02/2020 21 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic System Requirements and Supported Devices Section 1.1 System Requirements and Supported Devices What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: System Requirements Supported Devices Supported Programming Languages Topic Page 23 24 26 22 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic System Requirements Overview In order to operate EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic on any PC, the computer must meet the following minimum requirements: Component Processor RAM Display resolution Operating system Microsoft .NET framework Minimum Requirement Intel Core 2 Duo processor or greater 1 GB RAM 1280 x 768 pixels or greater Microsoft Windows 7 (32-bit or 64-bit processor) Microsoft Windows 8 (32-bit or 64-bit processor) Microsoft Windows 8.1 (32-bit or 64-bit processor) Microsoft Windows 10 (32-bit or 64-bit processor) Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5 or greater EIO0000003281 02/2020 23 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Supported Devices M221 Logic Controllers For more information about the M221 logic controller configuration, refer to the following programming and hardware guides: Logic Controller Type M221 Logic Controllers Hardware Guide Modicon M221 Logic Controller Hardware Guide Programming Guide Modicon M221 Logic Controller Programming Guide TM3 Expansion Modules For more information about module configuration, refer to the following programming and hardware guides of each expansion module type: Expansion Module Type Hardware Guide Programming Guide TM3 Digital I/O Expansion Modules TM3 Digital I/O Expansion Modules Hardware Guide TM3 Expansion Modules Programming Guide TM3 Analog I/O Expansion Modules TM3 Analog Modules Hardware Guide TM3 Expert I/O Expansion Modules TM3 Expert I/O Modules Hardware Guide TM3 Safety Modules TM3 Safety Modules Hardware Guide TM3 Transmitter and Receiver Modules TM3 Transmitter and Receiver Modules Hardware Guide TM2 Expansion Modules For more information about module configuration, refer to the programming and hardware guides of each expansion module type: Expansion Module Type TM2 Digital I/O Modules TM2 Analog I/O Modules Hardware Guide TM2 Digital I/O Modules Hardware Guide TM2 Analog I/O Modules Hardware Guide Programming Guide TM2 Expansion Modules Programming Guide TMC2 Cartridges For more information about cartridge configuration, refer to the following programming and hardware guides: Cartridge Type TMC2 Cartridges Hardware Guide TMC2 Cartridges Hardware Guide Programming Guide TMC2 Cartridges Programming Guide 24 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic TMH2GDB Remote Graphic Display For information about the Remote Graphic Display installation, compatibility, configuration, and operation, refer to the following guide: Display Type Remote Graphic Display User Guide TMH2GDB Remote Graphic Display User Guide EIO0000003281 02/2020 25 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Supported Programming Languages Overview A programmable logic controller reads inputs, writes outputs, and solves logic based on a control program. Creating a control program for a logic controller consists of writing a series of instructions in one of the supported programming languages. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic supports the following IEC-61131-3 programming languages: Ladder Diagram language Instruction List language Grafcet (List) Grafcet (SFC) 26 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic User Interface Basics Section 1.2 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic User Interface Basics What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Topic Creating Projects With EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Developing Programs With EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Navigating Within EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Operating Modes Page 28 29 30 31 EIO0000003281 02/2020 27 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Creating Projects With EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Overview EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is a graphical programming tool designed to make it easy to configure, develop, and commission programs for logic controllers. Some Essential Terminology EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic uses the following terms: Project: An EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project contains details about the developer and purpose of the project, the configuration of the logic controller and associated expansion modules targeted by the project, the source code of a program, symbols, comments, documentation, and all other related information. Application: Contains all parts of the project that are downloaded to the logic controller, including the compiled program, hardware configuration information, and non-program data (project properties, symbols, and comments). Program: The compiled source code that runs on the logic controller. POU (program organization unit): The reusable object that contains a variable declaration and a set of instructions used in a program. 28 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Developing Programs With EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Introduction The following diagram shows the typical stages of developing a project in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic (the Configuration, Programming and Commissioning tabs): EIO0000003281 02/2020 29 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Navigating Within EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Module Areas Once you have selected a project to work with, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic displays the main window. At the top of the main window, a toolbar (see page 45) contains icons that allow you to perform common tasks, including opening the Start Menu. Next to the toolbar, the status bar (see page 47) displays informational messages about the current state of the connection to the logic controller. Below this, the main window is divided into a number of modules. Each module controls a different stage of the development cycle, and is accessible by clicking a tab at the top of the module area. To develop an application, work your way through the modules from left to right: Properties (see page 55) Set up the project properties Configuration (see page 63) Define the hardware configuration of the logic controller and associated expansion modules Programming (see page 67) Develop your program in one of the supported programming languages Display (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) Build an operator interface for the TMH2GDB Remote Graphic Display module Commissioning (see page 241) Manage the connection between EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic and the logic controller, upload/download applications, test, and commission the application. 30 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Operating Modes Introduction The operating modes provide control to develop, debug, monitor, and modify the application when the controller is connected or not connected to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic can operate in the following modes: Offline mode Online mode Simulator mode Offline Mode EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic operates in offline mode when no physical connection to a logic controller has been established. In offline mode, you configure EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic to match the hardware components you are targeting, then develop your application. Online Mode EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic operates in online mode when a logic controller is physically connected to the PC. In online mode, you can proceed to download your application to the logic controller (downloading and uploading application is not possible in the simulator mode because the application is directly saved in the simulated logic controller). EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic then synchronizes the application in the PC memory with the version stored in the logic controller, allowing you to debug, monitor, and modify the application. You can modify certain elements of a program in online mode. For example, you can add or delete rungs, or modify the values of certain function block parameters. NOTE: Online program modifications are subjected to the predefined configuration. See Memory Management. Refer to Debugging in Online Mode (see page 227) for more information. Simulator Mode EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic operates in simulator mode when a connection has been established with a simulated logic controller. In simulator mode, no physical connection to a logic controller is established; instead EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulates a connection to a logic controller and the expansion modules to run and test the program. For more information, refer to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator (see page 266). EIO0000003281 02/2020 31 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic The Start Menu Section 1.3 The Start Menu What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Topic Introduction to the Start Menu Registering the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Software Open Project Window Project Templates Window Help Window Page 33 34 35 38 39 32 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Introduction to the Start Menu Overview The Start Menu has the following items: New Project To create a new project. Open Project (see page 35) To open an existing project. Compare Projects To compare the actual project to a selected project saved. Templates (see page 38) To create a new project using an example project as a template. Help (see page 39) To display the online help, related documents, training materials, and tutorials. Recent projects To open a recent project. About To display information about EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. Exit To exit from EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. EIO0000003281 02/2020 33 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Registering the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Software Overview You can use the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software for 30 days before you are required to register the software. When you register, you receive an authorization code to use the software. Registering your EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software entitles you to receive technical support and software updates. Registering To register your EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software: Step 1 2 Action In the Start Menu, click About Register now. Follow the instructions on the Registration Wizard. Click the Help button for more details. 34 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Open Project Window Overview Use the Projects window to create a new EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project or to open an existing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, TwidoSoft, or TwidoSuite project to work with. The right-hand area of the Projects window contains links to additional useful information. EIO0000003281 02/2020 35 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Opening an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Project File Follow these steps to open a project file: Step 1 2 3 Action Click Open Project on the Start Menu. Do one of the following: Click a recent project in the Recent projects list. Click Open an existing project and select an existing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project file (*.smbp) or a sample project file (*.smbe). Case 1 If a window asking you to enter the password appears, it means that the project is passwordprotected: 1. Type the encryption password. 2. Click Apply 3. To modify the project: a. Click on the Properties tab. Result: A window asking you to enter the password appears. b. Type the modification password. c. Click Apply. Result: The project file opens and the Configuration tab is displayed. Case 2 If an error icon is displayed on the Properties tab, it means that the project that you want to open was password-protected in a previous version of EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic with View and Download selected: 1. Click Properties tab Project Protection. 2. Click on the Properties tab. 3. Type a password to encrypt the project. You must encrypt the project to be allowed to save it. 4. Click Apply. Case 3 If the Error window appears, it means that the project that you want to open was passwordprotected in a previous version of EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic with Download only selected: 1. Click OK Result: The Properties tab is displayed. 2. Click Project Protection. 3. Click , then enter the project password. 4. If you want to remove the project protection, select Inactive and click Apply. If you want to keep the project protection, type the encryption password. 5. Click Apply. 36 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Opening a TwidoSuite or TwidoSoft Project File EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic allows you to open applications created for Twido programmable controllers and convert them to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project files. Follow these steps to open a TwidoSuite or TwidoSoft project file: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Click Open Project on the Start Menu. Click Open an existing project, select any of the following in the Files of type list, and then browse and select an existing project with respective extension: TwidoSuite Project Files (*.xpr) Twido Archive Project Files (*.xar) TwidoSoft Project Files (*.twd) If the selected Twido project file is open in TwidoSoft, TwidoSoft locks the project file and it is not possible to open it in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. Close the project in TwidoSoft before opening it in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. Result: The selected project file opens and the Configuration tab is displayed. A conversion report window appears. Thoroughly examine the conversion results in order to determine whether there are anomalies that resulted from converting from one controller platform to another. Refer to Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic (see page 287) for help on reconciling any such anomalies. Optionally, change the M221 Logic Controller reference (see page 66). NOTE: TwidoSuite uses %I0.0.1 (or %I0.0.7) as the Pulse input on the Very Fast Counter (%VFC) function block. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic the equivalent High Speed Counter (%HSC) function block uses %I0.0 (or %I0.6). Make appropriate modifications to your applications after conversion. In general, the conversion of other controller platforms to the M221 Logic Controller and EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic platform is supported to the limits of the differences between those platforms. Inevitably, you must reconcile manually those differences, such as that described in the note above. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Always verify that your application program operates as it did prior to the conversion, having all the correct configurations, parameters, parameter values, functions, and function blocks as required. Modify the application as necessary such that it conforms to its previous operation. Thoroughly test and validate the newly compiled version prior to putting your application into service. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. EIO0000003281 02/2020 37 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Project Templates Window Overview You can use example projects to form the basis of new EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic projects. Opening a Project Template Follow these steps to create a new project based on a project template: Step 1 2 Action Select Templates on the Start Menu. Use the Search in templates text field located in the upper right-hand corner of the window to search for projects. As you type, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic searches in the project name, the description of the project available in the lower of the window, and the project properties. A list of matching projects appears as you type. Select a project template file (*.smbe) in the Projects list and click Open Template. Result: A new project is created as a copy of the selected template. For projects that have a help file linked to the project template, click the Open Associated Help button for an Open associated help to be opened. If available, the option is highlighted below the Projects list. NOTE: EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic also provides a Vijeo-Designer application file and a System User Guide for some example projects. Read the description of the selected project in the Description area to know whether these files are provided with your project or not. If these files are provided, click Open associated folder to browse through the project template files (*.smbe) and Vijeo-Designer application files (*.vdz) in Windows Explorer. 38 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Help Window Overview This window contains links to additional EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic resources: The EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic online help system Related PDF documents, such as System User Guides (SUGs), training materials, Instruction Sheets, and descriptions of example applications E-Learning training materials Tutorials Information for converting Twido applications for use with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. EIO0000003281 02/2020 39 Introduction to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic 40 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Developing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Applications EIO0000003281 02/2020 Developing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Applications Part II Developing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Applications What Is in This Part? This part contains the following chapters: Chapter 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Chapter Name The EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window Properties Configuration Programming Commissioning Simulator Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Page 43 55 63 67 241 265 281 EIO0000003281 02/2020 41 Developing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Applications 42 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 The EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window Chapter 2 The EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window EIO0000003281 02/2020 43 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Overview of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window Section 2.1 Overview of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Window What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Toolbar Buttons Status Area System Settings Print Reports Topic Page 45 47 49 52 44 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Toolbar Buttons Introduction The toolbar appears at the top of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic window to provide an access to frequently-used functions. Toolbar The toolbar has the following buttons: Icon Description Open the Start Menu. Create a new project (CTRL+N) Open an existing project (CTRL+O) Save the current project (CTRL+S). Click the down arrow to display a menu with additional save options. Print a report (CTRL+P). Click the down arrow to select the report to print (see page 52) or to configure the report content and format (see page 53). Cut (CTRL+X) Copy (CTRL+C) Paste (CTRL+V) Undo (CTRL+Z). Click once to undo the most recent action in the program editor. Click the down arrow and select an action from the list to undo all actions up to and including the selected action. You can undo up to 10 actions. Redo (CTRL+Y). Click once to cancel the most recent Undo action. Click the down arrow and select an action from the list to redo all actions up to and including the selected action. You can redo up to 10 actions. Display the System Settings (see page 49) window. EIO0000003281 02/2020 45 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Icon Description Click the down arrow and select an action from the list. Display online help or contextual help, view templates, release notes, tutorials, and e-Learning documents, or contact Schneider Electric technical support. Start the logic controller (CTRL+M). Only available in online mode and when the controller is not already in the RUNNING state. Stop the logic controller (CTRL+L). Only available in online mode and when the controller is in the RUNNING state. Initialize the logic controller. Only available in online mode. Compile the program. Log in (CTRL+G) to or log out (CTRL+H) from the selected controller. NOTE: The name of the selected controller appears to the left of this button. Launch (CTRL+B) or stop (CTRL+W) the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator (see page 266). 46 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Status Area Overview The status area at the top of the main window displays information on the present system status: 1 Program status: Indicates whether the program has errors detected or not. 2 Connection status: Indicates the connection status between EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic and either the logic controller or the simulated logic controller. 3 Controller status: Indicates the present state of the logic controller (RUNNING, STOPPED, HALTED, and so on). 4 Scan time: Indicates the last scan time. 5 Controller last error detected: Indicates the most recent error detected. Information is extracted from the system bits and system words if the logic controller is in STOPPED or HALTED state. Status Area Messages The following messages can appear in the status area: Message Type Program status Connection status Possible Message [No errors] [Program advisory(ies) detected] [Program error(s) detected] [Not connected] [Online] Description No errors detected in the program. Program is incomplete. No program or the program contains error(s). EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is running in offline mode. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is running in online mode. EIO0000003281 02/2020 47 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Message Type Controller status (only in online mode) Scan time (only in online mode) Controller last detected error (only in online mode) Possible Message [Not Connected] [Halted] [Stop] [Run] [Powerless] [Firmware download] [Firmware Error] [No Application] [Power Up] [Scan Time 0 µs] Description Controller is not connected to EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic. Controller is in HALTED state. Controller is stopped due to an application error being detected. Controller is in STOPPED state. Controller has a valid application which is stopped. Controller is in RUNNING state. Controller is executing the application. Controller is in POWERLESS state. Controller is powered only by the USB cable and is ready to download/upload the firmware by USB. Controller is downloading the firmware. Firmware error detected. Version of the firmware downloading to the controller is older than present firmware version. Controller has no application. Controller is starting (BOOTING). The most recent scan time in microseconds. [No error(s) detected] No system error detected in the controller. [Controller could not switch to Controller is not OK to run. RUNNING state] [Battery level low] Controller battery is low. [Run/Stop input] Controller is stopped due to Run/Stop input command. [Stop command] Controller is stopped due to stop command. [Software error detected (exceeding the controller scan)] Controller is halted due to software detected error. Controller scan time overshoot. Controller scan time is greater than the period defined by the user program in configuration. [Stop due to detected hardware error] Controller is stopped due to detected error in the hardware. [Power outage] Controller is stopped due to power outage. [Controller is configured in 'Start in Stop' mode] Controller does start in automatic application execution mode due to configuration of the startup behavior. [Init command] Init in cold start. [Unknown stop reason: ] Unidentified reason. Refer to the programming guide of the logic controller for a complete list of the system bits and system words. 48 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic System Settings Overview This window allows you to set the language of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software, customize the Ladder editor, and choose the default logic controller that appears on the Configuration tab when you create a new project. Changing the User Interface Language Follow these steps to change the user interface language: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Choose System Settings General on the System Settings window. Select the language to use in the Language list. The default language is English. Click Apply and close the System Settings window. Close and restart EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic to view the user interface in the new language. Changing Shortcuts for Help Follow these steps to change the keyboard shortcut to access contextual or general help: Step 1 2 Action Choose System Settings General on the System Settings window. Select F1 or Shift + F1 for contextual help. The shortcut for General help is automatically updated. Customizing Auto-Save Follow these steps to change project auto-saving: Step 1 2 3 Action Choose System Settings General on the System Settings window. To activate Automatic project backup, click Yes and set interval delay (in minutes). To deactivate Automatic project backup, click No. Click Apply and close the System Settings window. NOTE: In case of unintentional closing of EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, backup projects are available to be reopened when EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is started again. EIO0000003281 02/2020 49 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Setting Simulator Follow these steps to set the simulator: Step 1 2 Action Choose System Settings General on the System Settings window. Enter the new value for Ethernet port. Result: The Mobdus server of simulator listens via this port. Customizing the Ladder Editor Follow these steps to customize the Ladder editor: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Choose System Settings Ladder Editor on the System Settings window. Choose the Grid lines style for the Ladder editor. Dots (default) Dashed Lines Lines Set the Number of columns (11. 30) for the cells in the Ladder editor. The default value of number of cells is 11. For more information, refer to Programming Principles for Ladder Diagrams (see page 172). Under Tool Selection Conservation, select: Keep selected tool: After selecting and placing a graphic element in a rung, the most recently selected graphic element remains selected. This allows you to place the same element in a rung again without reselecting it. Press the ESC key or right-click an empty cell in the rung to select the pointer tool . Reset to pointer: (default) After selecting and placing a contact or a coil in a rung on a new or unmodified installation, the pointer tool is automatically selected.To insert the same contact or coil element again, select it in the toolbar. 5 Choose the Shortcuts and toolbar style setting for the Ladder Editor: Ecostruxure Machine Expert - Basic set (default) Asian set 1 Asian set 2 European set American set For the selected style, the table displays a list of keyboard shortcuts for each of the toolbar buttons displayed. 6 Click Apply and close the System Settings window to view the changes in the Ladder editor. 50 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Choosing a Default Logic Controller Follow these steps to choose a default logic controller: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Choose System Settings Configuration on the System Settings window. Click Preferred controller and choose a default logic controller from the list. Click Apply and close the System Settings window. Close and restart EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic to view the new default logic controller in the Configuration tab when a new project is created. EIO0000003281 02/2020 51 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Print Reports Presentation You can generate customizable reports to print or to save in PDF format on the PC. The Print button provides the following options: Print Project Report to print a customized report which can include the listing of the hardware components, the application architecture and the contents of the project, program, and application. Print Bill Of Material to print a listing of the hardware components used in the project configuration. Settings to customize the project report, allowing you to select which elements to include and the page layout. Printing the Project Report To print the project report: Step 1 2 Action Click the down arrow to the right of the Print button Project Report menu command, or press CTRL+P. The Print Preview window is displayed. on the toolbar and choose the Print Click on the toolbar of the Print Preview window to print the project report. Click on the toolbar of the Print Preview window to save the project report as a PDF file on the PC. Printing the Bill Of Material To print the Bill Of Material: Step 1 2 Action Click the down arrow to the right of the Print button Bill Of Material menu command. The Print Preview window is displayed. on the toolbar and choose the Print Click on the toolbar of the Print Preview window to print the Bill Of Material. Click on the toolbar of the Print Preview window to save the Bill Of Material as a PDF file on the PC. 52 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Customizing the Project Report To select which items to include in the project report and configure its layout: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Click the down arrow to the right of the Print button menu command. The Settings window is displayed. on the toolbar and choose the Settings Click the Report node to configure the format settings of the report (paper size, margins, and orientation). Select the items to include in the project report: Description is the project description as in the Project Information window. Bill Of Material is the listing of the hardware components used in the project configuration. Hardware Configuration is a listing of the hardware devices used in the configuration: IO Bus is a list of the I/O expansion modules used. Cartridges is a list of the cartridges used. Software Configuration is to include/exclude the following items: Constant words is a list of constant word (%KW) objects used in the project. Network objects is a list of objects used to communicate with Ethernet/IP or Modbus TCP devices. Software Objects lists the software objects used in the program, such as timers and counters. PTO objects lists PTO function blocks used in the program. Communication Objects lists the communication objects used in the program. Program is to include/exclude the following items: Behavior is the settings configured in the Behavior window. Memory consumption is the amount of controller memory used by the application, program, and associated user data. Application architecture is the settings configured in the Master Task and Periodic Task windows. POU is a listing of the POUs used in the program. Display is a report section containing information about the Remote Graphic Display: General properties is the general parameters that appear on the Display tab. There is an option to print the password in your report. Alarm View displays a list of triggered alarms. Pages is a list of operator interface pages created on the Display tab. Symbols is a list of all symbols or of the symbols used in the project. Cross-reference is a table containing the used addresses, objects, rungs, and the line of code in which they are used. Animation table is a table containing the objects added to animation tables in the project. Close the window. EIO0000003281 02/2020 53 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic 54 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Properties EIO0000003281 02/2020 Properties Chapter 3 Properties EIO0000003281 02/2020 55 Properties Overview of the Properties Window Section 3.1 Overview of the Properties Window What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: The Properties Window Project Properties Topic Page 57 58 56 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Properties The Properties Window Overview The Properties tab allows you to specify information about the project and whether it is to be password-protected: Details about the developer and the company developing the project. Information about the project itself. If the project is to be password protected, the password that must be entered correctly to open the project in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. If the application stored in the logic controller controller is to be password protected, the password that must be entered correctly to upload the application into an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. 1 The left hand area displays a list of the available properties. 2 The right hand area displays the properties of the item that is currently selected in the left hand area. EIO0000003281 02/2020 57 Properties Project Properties Overview Use the Properties window to provide details about the user of EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic, the company developing the application, and the project. In this window, you can also password protect the project file and the application when stored in the logic controller. Specifying Application Developer Properties To specify the application developer properties: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Front Page. Complete the information. Click Apply. NOTE: This information appears in the Windows Explorer properties window when you right-click on an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project file. Specifying Company Properties To specify the company properties: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Company. Complete the information. To upload the company logo image, click Change then browse to select the file to upload. Click Removed to delete the current image. Click Apply. Specifying Project Information To specify project information: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Project Information. Complete the information. To upload an image, such as a photograph or CAD image of the instrumented machine, click Change then browse to select the file to upload. Click Removed to delete the current image. Click Apply. 58 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Properties Password-Protecting a Project It is possible to encrypt and password-protect a project file. If a project is encrypted, you are prompted for the encryption password whenever you try to open the project. If the project is protected against modifications, by default you can only view the project. To modify the project, type the modification password. Follow these steps to encrypt and password-protect a project file: Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Project Protection. Select the Active option. Required items of information are marked with an asterisk (*). Type the password and type it again as confirmation to encrypt the project. Optionally, type a password and the confirmation to protect the project from modifications. Click Apply. If you want to prevent a program from being modified, create a controller image and then restore it to controller (see page 257). Removing Password Protection from a Project Follow these steps to remove password protection from a project: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Project Protection. Select the Inactive option. Click Apply. NOTE: If prompted to provide the modification password, type the modification password and click Apply. EIO0000003281 02/2020 59 Properties Password Protecting an Application EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic allows an application stored in the logic controller to be protected with a password. This password controls uploading of the application from the logic controller into an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. Follow these steps to read-protect an application: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Application Protection Read protection. Choose the level of read protection: Select Active and leave Password blank to disable application upload from the logic controller to the PC. Select Active and type the same password in the Password and Confirmation fields to password protect the application. You must then enter this password when prompted before uploading the application from the logic controller to the PC. Click Apply. WARNING UNAUTHORIZED DATA ACCESS Do not expose the device or device network to public networks and the Internet as much as possible. Immediately change the default password to a new secure password. Do not distribute passwords to unauthorized or otherwise unqualified personnel. Restrict access to unauthorized personnel. Use additional security layers like VPN for remote access and install firewall mechanisms. Validate the effectiveness of these measurements regularly and frequently. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. NOTE: A secure password is one that has not been shared or distributed to any unauthorized personnel and does not contain any personal or otherwise obvious information. Further, a mix of upper and lower case letters and numbers offer greater security. You should choose a password length of at least ten characters. 60 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Properties Removing Read Protection from an Application Follow these steps to remove password protection from an application: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Application Protection Read protection. Select the Inactive option. Click Apply. Restricting Modifications of an Application EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic allows an application stored in the logic controller to be protected by restricting changes and/or modifications. This restriction controls modifying the logic controller application or downloading of a new application from EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic into the logic controller. Follow these steps to restrict changes to an application: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Application Protection Write protection. Choose the level of write protection: Select Active and leave Password blank to disable application download or modification from EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic into the logic controller. Select Active and type the same password in the Password and Confirmation fields to password protect any application modification. You must then enter this password when prompted before modifying the application in the logic controller or downloading an application into the logic controller. Click Apply. Removing Modification Protection of an Application Follow these steps to remove modification protection of an application: Step 1 2 3 Action Display the Properties tab and click Project Properties Application Protection Write protection. Select the Inactive option. Click Apply. EIO0000003281 02/2020 61 Properties 62 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Configuration EIO0000003281 02/2020 Configuration Chapter 4 Configuration EIO0000003281 02/2020 63 Configuration Overview of the Configuration Window Section 4.1 Overview of the Configuration Window What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Overview of the Configuration Window Building a Configuration Topic Page 65 66 64 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Configuration Overview of the Configuration Window Introduction Use the Configuration window to recreate the hardware configuration of the logic controller and expansion modules to be targeted by the program. 1 The Hardware Tree - a structured view of the hardware configuration. 2 The configuration - a logic controller and expansion modules. 3 Catalog references of the supported logic controller and expansion module hardware components. To add a component to the hardware configuration, drag and drop it onto the configuration. 4 The properties of the component selected in the configuration, or the properties of the selected item in the Hardware Tree. EIO0000003281 02/2020 65 Configuration Building a Configuration Replacing the Default Logic Controller When you create a new EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project, a logic controller reference appears in the central area of the Configuration window. Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action Click the Configuration tab. Expand the logic controller category in the catalog area on the right, if it is not already displayed. Select a logic controller reference. A short description of the physical properties of the logic controller appear in the Device description area. Drag the logic controller reference over the image of the existing logic controller in the central area of the window and drop it. Click Yes when prompted to confirm replacing the logic controller reference. NOTE: The default controller reference is specified in the System Settings window (see page 49). Configuring the Logic Controller Use the Configuration window to configure the logic controller. Refer to the Programming Guide of the logic controller used in the configuration for details. Configuring Expansion Modules Use the Configuration window to add and configure expansion modules. Refer to the Programming Guide of the expansion module used in the configuration for details. 66 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Programming EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Chapter 5 Programming What Is in This Chapter? This chapter contains the following sections: Section 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 Topic Overview of the Programming Workspace Special Functions Configuring Program Behavior and Tasks Managing POUs User-Defined Functions User-Defined Function Blocks Master Task Strings Periodic Task Event Task Using Tools Ladder Language Programming Instruction List Programming Grafcet (List) Programming Grafcet (SFC) Programming Debugging in Online Mode Page 68 69 79 88 102 110 117 121 128 132 139 169 192 204 212 227 EIO0000003281 02/2020 67 Programming Overview of the Programming Workspace Section 5.1 Overview of the Programming Workspace Overview of the Programming Workspace Overview The Programming tab is split into 3 main areas: 1 The Programming Tree allows you to select the properties of the program and its objects, and functions, as well as a number of tools which you can use to monitor and debug the program. 2 The upper central area is the programming workspace where you enter the source code of your program. 3 The lower central area allows you to view and configure the properties of the item selected in the programming workspace or the Programming Tree. 68 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Special Functions Section 5.2 Special Functions What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Objects Symbolic Addressing Memory Allocation Ladder/List Reversibility Topic Programming Page 70 71 73 74 EIO0000003281 02/2020 69 Programming Objects Overview In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, the term object is used to represent an area of logic controller memory reserved for use by an application. Objects can be: Simple software variables, such as memory bits and words Addresses of digital or analog inputs and outputs Controller-internal variables, such as system words and system bits Predefined system functions or function blocks, such as timers and counters. Controller memory is either pre-allocated for certain object types, or automatically allocated when an application is downloaded to the logic controller. Objects can only be addressed by a program once memory has been allocated. Objects are addressed using the prefix %. For example, %MW12 is the address of a memory word, %Q0.3 is the address of an embedded digital output, and %TM0 is the address of a Timer function block. 70 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Symbolic Addressing Introduction EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic supports the symbolic addressing of language objects; that is, the indirect addressing of objects by name. Using symbols allows for quick examination and analysis of program logic, and greatly simplifies the development and testing of an application. Example For example, WASH_END is a symbol that could be used to identify an instance of a Timer function block representing the end of a wash cycle. Recalling the purpose of this name is easier than trying to remember the role of a program address such as %TM3. Defining a Symbol in the Properties Window To define a symbol in the properties window: Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select the type of object with which to define a symbol, for example I/O objects Digital inputs, to display the properties of digital inputs. The properties window of the object type appears in the lower central area of the Programming window. Double-click in the Symbol column of the properties table and type the symbol to define for a particular item, for example Input_1 for the input %I0.2 4 Click Apply. EIO0000003281 02/2020 71 Programming Defining a Symbol in the Ladder Editor To define a symbol within the Ladder editor: Step 1 Action In the Ladder editor, click the Symbol line of a graphic element, for example a latch or function block. A cursor appears: 2 Type the symbol to use, for example Input_1 and press Enter. The following rules apply to symbols: A maximum of 32 characters. Letters (A-Z), numbers (0-9), or underscores (_). First character must be a letter. You cannot use the percentage sign (%). Symbols are not case-sensitive. For example, Pump1 and PUMP1 are the same symbol and can only be used uniquely for any given object; that is, you cannot assign the same symbol to different objects. 3 If the graphic element is not yet associated with an object, the Remark window appears. Select an object to associate with the symbol and click OK. Otherwise, click Yes when prompted to associate the symbol with the object. 4 Double-click either the symbol or object of the graphic element to display the symbol in the Symbol column of the properties window: Displaying All Defined Symbols Choose Tools Symbol list to display a list of all defined symbols (see page 162). Storing Symbols Symbols are a part of non-program data. They are stored in the logic controller as part of an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application. 72 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Memory Allocation Introduction EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic allows you to pre-allocate (reserve) blocks of logic controller memory for use by certain object types used in a program, including simple objects (memory words, constant words) and software objects (function blocks). Allocation Modes In offline mode, you can specify the memory allocation mode for each object type. When configuring these objects (Programming Tools), the following window then appears above the list of configurable objects: Choose the memory allocation mode to use: Automatic. All objects from offset 0 to the highest memory address used in the program, or associated with a symbol, are automatically allocated in logic controller memory. For example: if the memory word %MW20 is used in the program, all objects from %MW0 to %MW20 inclusive (21 objects) are automatically allocated in memory. If you later switch to online mode, you cannot allocate new memory objects with addresses higher than the highest address that was used before you went online. Manual. Specify a number of objects to be allocated in memory in the No. of Objects box. When you switch to online mode, you can add new contacts, coils, or equations in your program (up to the limit of memory allocated) without having to log out from the logic controller, modify the program, log in, and download the application again. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic displays the number of objects you specified. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic displays the total number of Allocated memory objects and the number of memory objects Available in the logic controller. If you specified the number of objects, only these objects appear in the table. To use the multi-operand instructions, 20 %MW are needed and additional 20 %MW if using the periodic task. EIO0000003281 02/2020 73 Programming Ladder/List Reversibility Introduction EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic supports conversion of rungs from Ladder Diagram to Instruction List and from Instruction List back to Ladder Diagram. This is called program reversibility. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, you can toggle rungs between programming languages at any time as required. You can therefore display a program with some rungs in Ladder Diagram and other rungs in Instruction List. NOTE: You cannot convert Ladder and Instruction List programs to Grafcet (SFC), or Grafcet (SFC) programs to Ladder or Instruction List, or Grafcet (IL) to Grafcet (SFC). Understanding Reversibility A key to understanding program reversibility is examining the relationship between a Ladder Diagram rung and the associated Instruction List rung: Ladder Diagram rung: A collection of Ladder Diagram instructions that constitute a logical expression. List sequence: A collection of Instruction List programming instructions that correspond to the Ladder Diagram instructions and represents the same logical expression. The following illustration displays a common Ladder Diagram rung and its equivalent program logic expressed as a sequence of Instruction List instructions. Equivalent Instruction List instruction: 74 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming A program is always stored internally as Instruction List instructions, regardless of whether it is originally written in the Ladder Diagram or Instruction List language. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic takes advantage of the program structure similarities between the 2 languages and uses this internal Instruction List image of the program to display it either as an Instruction List program, or graphically as a Ladder Diagram. Instructions Required for Reversibility The structure of a reversible function block in Instruction List language requires the use of the following instructions: BLK marks the block start, and defines the beginning of the rung and the start of the input portion to the block. OUT_BLK marks the beginning of the output portion of the block. END_BLK marks the end of the block and the rung. The use of these reversible function block instructions is not mandatory for a properly functioning Instruction List program. Programming Situations and IL/Ladder Reversibility The following table lists programming situations for the Ladder or IL languages which, if left untreated, generate advisories or errors and a possible loss of reversibility. Situation Jump to a label which has not been defined Call to undefined subroutine Activate or deactivate an undefined Grafcet step Jump instruction between parentheses Label between parentheses Subroutine between parentheses More than 32 nested parentheses Closing parenthesis without opening parenthesis Reserved Unbalanced parentheses BLK without END_BLK OUT_BLK or END_BLK without BLK Label definition not followed by LD or BLK Subroutine definition not followed by LD or BLK Reserved More than 11 nested MPS MRD without MPS IL Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Ladder Error Error Error - Rung reversible Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No EIO0000003281 02/2020 75 Programming Situation MPP without MPS Use Grafcet instruction in POST Grafcet definition not followed by BLK or LD Unbalanced stack operations Reserved Duplicate label Duplicate Subroutine Duplicate Grafcet step Reserved Duplicate POST Nested FB OUT_BLK between BLK and END_BLK BLK not followed by LD LD of FB output not in OUT_BLK FB outputs used outside their respective FB structure FB outputs repeated or out of order FB inputs not in BLK before OUT_BLK FB inputs used outside their respective FB structure FB inputs repeated or out of order Label declared in BLK Subroutines declared in BLK Grafcet steps declared in BLK Attempted LD of a non FB output in OUT_BLK FB output used between BLK and END_BLK Nested subroutines Subroutine call between MPS and MPP Subroutine call between parentheses Reserved First instruction of program not a rung delimiter Jump instruction between MPS and MPP Rung contains syntax error Reserved Reserved IL Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error - 76 Ladder Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error - Rung reversible No Yes No No Only LD->IL Only LD->IL Only LD->IL Only LD->IL No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No - EIO0000003281 02/2020 Situation IL Program instructions following JMP or END unconditional Error instructions Rung beginning with LD instruction does not terminate Advisory with a conditional action instruction Action instruction between parentheses Error Stack instruction between parentheses Direct-access instructions for FB (ex: ""CU %C0"") Error Advisory Action instructions in the input section of a FB Instructions after END_BLK Error Error FB outputs used with AND and OR instructions Advisory OR instruction inside a FB output not between parentheses Advisory Instruction preceding MRD or MPP not either a conditional Advisory action or associated with stack instructions Unnested OR between MPS and MPP Advisory OR after an action instruction Advisory OR after MPS, MRD or MPP Advisory Reserved - Subroutine call or JMPC not the last action instruction of Advisory the rung Canonic rung exceeds 7x11 cells in Twido, 256 x 30 cells Advisory in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Unconditional action instruction between BLK and END_BLK Error OUT_BLK not followed by LD of a valid FB output or END_BLK Error FB cannot occupy first cell - FB on top of the rung, it replaces items occupying the cells No logic above or below a FB - XOR in first column - Contacts and horizontal connectors in last column - Down connectors in last row or last column - Allow only valid subroutines 0 to 63 - Allow only valid labels 0 to 63 - Invalid operate expressions in operation block - EIO0000003281 02/2020 Ladder - - - - Error - - - - Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Programming Rung reversible No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No 77 Programming Situation IL Invalid comparison expressions in comparison block - Invalid address or symbol in contact and coil - Invalid operand or expression with Ladder instruction - Rung with no output action item - Discontinuity between left and right power bars - Dangling Ladder rung - Ladder rung contains items that are short-circuited using connectors All divergences that contain only boolean logic items must converge in reverse order FB has no input associated - FB output pins cannot be connected together - XOR connected to power bar - Subroutine call and jump not the last output action item Advisory Canonic rung that contains a FB with part of the FB in the last column Canonic rung exceeds 7x11 cells in Twido, 256 x 30 cells Advisory in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic OPEN and SHORT connected to the left node of - subnetwork XOR connected to the left node of subnetwork - There is not at least one existing LIST sentence that can represent the ladder rung Ladder Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error Error - Error Error Error Error Rung reversible No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No 78 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Configuring Program Behavior and Tasks Section 5.3 Configuring Program Behavior and Tasks What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Application Behavior Tasks and Scan Modes Topic Programming Page 80 85 EIO0000003281 02/2020 79 Programming Application Behavior Overview You can configure the following aspects of how the application interacts with the logic controller: Startup (see page 81) Watchdog (see page 82) Fallback behavior (see page 82) Functional levels (see page 83) Options (see page 84) Configuring Application Behavior Follow these steps to configure the application behavior: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select the Behavior item. Result: The Behavior properties appear in the lower central area of the Programming window. Modify the properties as required. Click Apply to save the changes. 80 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Startup Specify how the program behaves following a restart of the logic controller: Start In Previous State: The logic controller starts in the state that it was in before it was stopped. Start In Stop: The logic controller does not automatically start application execution. Start In Run (default): The logic controller automatically starts application execution given run criteria, such as the presence and charge of a battery, are met. Unconditional Start In Run: The logic controller automatically starts application execution even if the controller battery is absent or discharged. When using the Start In Run feature, the controller will start executing program logic when power is applied to the equipment. It is essential to know in advance how automatic reactivation of the outputs will affect the process or machine being controlled. Configure the Run/Stop input to help control the Start In Run feature. In addition, the Run/Stop input is designed to give local control over remote RUN commands. If the possibility of a remote RUN command after the controller had been stopped locally by EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic would have unintended consequences, you must configure and wire the Run/Stop input to help control this situation. WARNING UNINTENDED MACHINE START-UP Confirm that the automatic reactivation of the outputs does not produce unintended consequences before using the Start In Run feature. Use the Run/Stop input to help control the Start In Run feature and to help prevent the unintentional start-up from a remote location. Verify the state of security of your machine or process environment before applying power to the Run/Stop input or before issuing a Run command from a remote location. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. WARNING UNINTENDED MACHINE OR PROCESS START-UP Verify the state of security of your machine or process environment before applying power to the Run/Stop input. Use the Run/Stop input to help prevent the unintentional start-up from a remote location. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. EIO0000003281 02/2020 81 Programming When using the Unconditional Start In Run feature, the controller will attempt to start executing program logic when power is applied to the equipment, independent of the reason the controller had previously stopped. This occurs even if there is no charge in the battery, or if the battery is not present. Therefore, the controller will start with all memory values re-initialized to zero or other predetermined default values. It is conceivable that if the controller attempts to restart, for example, after a short power outage, the values in memory at the time of the outage would be lost, and restarting the machine may have unintended consequences as there was no battery to maintain memory values. It is essential to know in advance how an unconditional start will affect the process or machine being controlled. Configure the Run/Stop input to help control the Unconditional Start In Run feature. WARNING UNINTENDED MACHINE OPERATION Conduct a thorough risk analysis to determine the effects, under all conditions, of configuring the controller with the Unconditional Start In Run feature. Use the Run/Stop input to help avoid an unwanted unconditional restart. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. Watchdog A watchdog is a special timer used so that programs do not overrun their allocated scan time. The watchdog timer has a default value of 250 ms. Specify the duration of the watchdog scan task. The possible range is 10. 500 ms. Fallback Behavior Specify the fallback behavior to use when the logic controller enters the STOPPED or an exception state for any reason. Two fallback behaviors exist: Select Fallback values to set outputs to the fallback values defined in the configuration properties of embedded logic controller and expansion module outputs. This is the default. Refer to the Programming Guide of the logic controller or expansion module for information on configuring fallback values for outputs. Individual fallback values cannot be defined for configured Status Alarm, PTO, and FREQGEN outputs. The fallback value for these objects is 0 and cannot be modified. Select Maintain values to keep each output in the state it was when the logic controller entered the STOPPED or an exception state. In this mode, the fallback values configured for logic controller and expansion module outputs are ignored and, instead, are set to the last value assumed by the output. Maintain values behavior is not applied to fast outputs (HSC reflex outputs, PLS, PWM, PTO, and FREQGEN); the fallback value for these objects is 0. 82 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Functional Levels Your system could include logic controllers with different firmware versions, and therefore with different capability levels. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic supports functional level management to allow you to control the functional level of your application. When EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic connects to the logic controller, it reads the functional level of the: Logic controller firmware to authorize download of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application to the logic controller. The functional level selected for the application must be less than or equal to the maximum functional level supported by the logic controller. If this is not the case, a message tells you to either update the firmware, or to manually downgrade the functional level of the application (by selecting a level from the Functional Levels list, see below). Application in the logic controller, to determine whether to authorize upload of the logic controller application to the PC running EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. To authorize application upload, the functional level of the logic controller application must be less than or equal to the maximum functional level supported by the installed version of EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic. If this is not the case, you must upgrade EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic to the latest version before uploading. The Commissioning window displays the functional levels of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic application and the application embedded in the connected logic controller. Select a level from the Functional levels list: Level 11.0: Authorizes configuring the end character in strings, support of the TM3 Bus Coupler TM3BCEIP and TM3BCSL on IO Scanner, filtering and latch on TM3 digital inputs, cybersecurity enhancements, local FBs instances in UDFB, automatic saving and recovered project. Level 10.1: Authorizes application write protection, multiple function blocks in a rung, up to 255 rising/falling functions each, up to 32 instances of READ_VAR, WRITE_VAR and WRITE_READ_VAR function blocks. Level 10.0: Authorizes indexed memory bits, 200 Grafcet step objects, symbols for variables and parameters in user-defined function block. Level 6.2: Authorizes improvement of the password strategy. Level 6.1: Authorizes strings support in SMS function block. Level 6.0: Authorizes Modbus TCP IOScanner, user-defined functions, user-defined function blocks, data logging on SD card, string management, structure ladder block elements, rising and falling edge functions. Level 5.1: Authorizes security strategy modification. Level 5.0: Authorizes Modbus Serial IOScanner, Drive and RTC function blocks, multi-operand instructions. Level 4.1: Authorizes online mode enhancements, support for a modem on SL2. Level 4.0: Authorizes support for sink transistor output controllers, Grafcet (SFC), Frequency Generator, Retentive Timer, Memory Management, Remote Graphic display evolution. Level 3.3: Authorizes enhancements (PTO Motion Task, HSC evolution). EIO0000003281 02/2020 83 Programming Level 3.2: Authorizes enhancements to support Optional module feature, EtherNet/IP adapter, and %SEND_RECV_SMS function block. Level 3.1: Authorizes enhancements (Unconditional Start In Run feature). Level 3.0: Authorizes enhancements (communications, modem, Remote Graphic Display) to the previous level of software and hardware. Level 2.0: Authorizes any enhancements and corrections over the previous level software and firmware. For example, for Pulse Train Output (PTO) support, it would be necessary to select this functional level or greater. Level 1.0: First release of the combination of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software and the compatible firmware version(s). NOTE: Each successive level includes all functionality of the preceding levels. Strings Select the end character used to mark the end of strings: CR (Carriage Return). The default value. LF (Line feed) Null (Null) The selected character is automatically added to the end of: Strings created using the INT_TO_ASCII (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide), DINT_TO_ASCII (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide), and FLOAT_TO_ASCII (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) instructions. Strings assigned to memory words (see page 124). For example, %MW0:5 := "Hello" is stored as a sequence of 2 ASCII character codes with the selected end of string character appended as the last character in the string. Strings created using the Constant String Assistant window (see page 123). NOTE: The application must be configured with a Functional Level (see page 83) of a least Level 11.0 to support configuring the end of string character. Otherwise, the end of string character is set to Carriage Return (CR) and cannot be changed. 84 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Tasks and Scan Modes Overview EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic has the following scan modes for Master task: Normal mode Continuous cyclic scanning mode (Freewheeling mode); a new scan starts immediately after the previous scan has completed. Periodic mode Periodic cyclic scanning mode; a new scan starts only after the configured scan time of the previous scan has elapsed. Every scan is therefore the same duration. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic offers the following task types: Master task: Main task of the application. Master task is controlled by continuous cyclic scanning (in normal scan mode) or by specifying the scan period of 1. 150 ms (default 100 ms) in periodic scan mode. Periodic task: A short duration subroutine processed periodically. Periodic tasks are configured by specifying the scan period of 1. 255 ms (default 255 ms). Event task: A very short duration subroutine to reduce the response time of the application. Event tasks are triggered by the physical inputs or the HSC function blocks. These events are associated with embedded digital inputs (%I0.2. %I0.5) (rising, falling or both edges) or with the high speed counters (%HSC0 and %HSC1) (when the count reaches the high speed counter threshold). You can configure 2 events for each HSC function block. Tasks Priorities This table summarizes the task types and their priorities: Task Type Scan Mode Triggering Condition Configurable Range Maximum Priority Number of Tasks Master Normal Normal Not applicable 1 Lowest Periodic Software timer 1. 150 ms1 Periodic Periodic Software timer 1. 255 ms1 1 Higher than master task and lower than event tasks Event Periodic Physical inputs %I0.2. %I0.5 4 Highest %HSC function blocks 2 events per %HSC object 1 The application must be configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 5.0 to be able to configure a minimum value of 1 ms. Otherwise, the minimum value is 2 ms. Events Priorities Refer to Event Priorities and Queues (see page 135). EIO0000003281 02/2020 85 Programming Master Task in Normal Scan Mode This graphic shows the relationship between master task and periodic task execution when the master task is configured in normal scan mode: NOTE: The master task sleep time is at least 30% of the total cycle time with a minimum of 1 millisecond. Master Task in Periodic Scan Mode This graphic shows the relationship between master task and periodic task when the master task is configured in periodic scan mode: 86 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Event Priority Over Master and Periodic Tasks Event priorities control the relationship between the event tasks, master task, and periodic task. The event task interrupts the master task and periodic task execution. This figure shows the relationship between event tasks, master tasks, and periodic tasks in the periodic mode: The event tasks are triggered by a hardware interruption that sends a task event to the event task. EIO0000003281 02/2020 87 Programming Managing POUs Section 5.4 Managing POUs What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: POUs Managing POUs with Tasks Managing Rungs Managing Grafcet (SFC) POUs Free POUs Topic Page 89 90 93 96 98 88 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming POUs Overview A Program Organization Unit (POU) is a reusable object used in a program. Each POU consists of a variable declaration and a set of instructions in the source code of a supported programming language. One POU always exists and is linked to the master task of the program. This POU is then called automatically whenever the program starts. You can create additional POUs containing other objects, for example, functions or function blocks. When first created, a POU can be either: associated with a task (see page 90), or a Free POU (see page 98). A Free POU is not associated with a specific task or event. A Free POU can, for example, contain library functions that are maintained independently of the main program. Free POUs are called from within programs as either subroutines or jumps. A periodic task (see page 129) is a subroutine that is implemented as a Free POU. EIO0000003281 02/2020 89 Programming Managing POUs with Tasks Adding a New POU Associated with a Task Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Add a new POU by one of the following methods: Right-click the Master Task and choose Add POU from the contextual menu that appears. Select the Master Task and click (Add POU) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Result: A new POU is added to the program structure immediately below the default/last POU in the Master Task. The default name is n - New POU, where n is an integer incremented each time a POU is created. 3 To reposition a POU in the Master Task, select a POU and click the UP or DOWN button on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab to move the selected POU up or down in the program structure. Inserting a New POU Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select an existing POU above which to insert the POU. Right-click the selected POU and choose Insert POU from the contextual menu that appears. To reposition a POU in the Master Task, select a POU and click the UP or DOWN button on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab to move the selected POU up or down in the program structure. Copying and Pasting Existing POUs Associated with a Task Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple POUs: Select an existing POU in the Master Task. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each POU in the Master Task. Right-click one of the selected POU in the Master Task and choose Copy POU from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click the Master Task and choose Paste POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: One or multiple POUs are added to the program structure immediately below the selected POU in the Master Task with the same name as the copied POU. 90 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Exporting of POU or Free POUs Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple existing POUs or Free POUs in the Master Task Right-click on the selected POUs or Free POUs in the Master Task and choose Export POU from the contextual menu that appears. Save the POU files (*.smbf) in the Export folder that appears. Importing of POU or Free POUs Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple existing POUs or Free POUs in the Master Task Right-click on the selected POUs or Free POUs in the Master Task and choose Import POU from the contextual menu that appears. Select the POU files (*.smbf) from the folder that appears. NOTE: If a maximum number of Free POUs are reached or the file is corrupted (invalid format), an error message appears and the Free POUs are not imported. Renaming a POU Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Edit the POU name by one of the following methods: Right-click a POU and choose Rename POU from the contextual menu that appears. Double-click a POU. Select a POU and double-click the POU name in the programming workspace. Select a POU and press the F2 key. Type the new name for the POU and press ENTER. EIO0000003281 02/2020 91 Programming Removing POUs Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple POUs: Select an existing POU in the Master Task. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each POU in the Master Task. Delete the selected POUs: Right-click a selected POU in the Master Task and choose Delete POU from the contextual menu that appears. Press the DELETE key. 92 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Managing Rungs Creating a Rung Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Add a rung in a POU by any of the following methods: Right-click a POU and choose Add Rung from the contextual menu that appears. Select a POU and click (Add Rung button) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Select a POU and click programming workspace. (Create a new Rung button) on the toolbar at the top of the Result: A new rung is added to the program structure immediately below the last rung. 3 To reposition a rung in a POU, select a rung and click the UP or DOWN button on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab to move the selected rung up or down in the program structure. 4 The rung is given sequence identifier, such as Rung0. You may additionally add a rung comment to identify the rung by clicking the rung header. 5 The default programming language is LD (ladder). To select a different programming language for this rung, click LD and choose a different programming language. 6 If this rung is to be called with a JUMP instruction, assign a label to the rung by clicking the drop- down button below the rung sequence identifier Rungx, where x is the rung number in a POU, and choose %L from the list. Result: The rung is labeled as %Ly, where y is the label number. %L appears on the button and the label number y appears in suffix with the button. NOTE: The label number is incremented by 1 as you define the next label. To modify the label number, double-click the label number in a rung and enter the new number and then press ENTER. EIO0000003281 02/2020 93 Programming Inserting a Rung Above an Existing Rung Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select an existing rung in the Programming workspace. Click (Insert a new Rung button) on the toolbar at the top of the programming workspace. Result: A new rung appears above the selected rung. The rung is given sequence identifier, such as Rung0. You may additionally add a rung comment to identify the rung by clicking the rung header. The default programming language is LD (ladder). To select a different programming language for this rung, click LD and choose a different language. If this rung is to be called with a JUMP instruction, assign a label to the rung by clicking the drop- down button below the rung sequence identifier Rungx, where x is the rung number in a POU, and choose %L from the list. Result: The rung is labeled as %Ly, where y is the label number. %L appears on the button and the label number y appears in suffix with the button. NOTE: The label number is incremented by 1 as you define the next label. To modify the label number, double-click the label number in a rung and enter the new number and then press ENTER. Copying Rungs Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple rungs: Select an existing rung. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each rung. Right-click one of the selected rungs to copy and do one of the following methods: Choose Copy selected rung from the contextual menu that appears. Press CTRL + C. Right-click a rung and do one the following methods: Choose Paste Rung from the contextual menu that appears. Press CTRL + V. Result: A copy of the rung is inserted with the same label as the original rung. Edit the label as required. 94 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming NOTE: You can also copy and paste rungs in the Programming window: Step 1 2 Action Right-click the rung to copy and choose Copy selected rung. Right-click in the programming workspace and choose Paste Rung. Renaming a Rung Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Edit the rung name by one of the following methods: Right-click a rung and choose Rename Rung from the contextual menu that appears. Double-click a rung. Select a rung and double-click the rung name or the text name in the programming workspace. Select a rung and press the F2 key. Type the new name for the rung and press ENTER. Removing Rungs Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Delete a rung by one of the following methods: Right-click a rung and choose Delete Rung from the contextual menu that appears. Select a rung and click tab. (Delete Rung button) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks Select a rung and click (Delete the Rung button) on the toolbar at the top of the programming workspace. Right-click a rung in the programming workspace and choose Delete the selected rung from the contextual menu that appears. Select a rung and press the DEsLETE key. 3 If the rung is not empty, you are prompted to confirm deleting the rung. EIO0000003281 02/2020 95 Programming Managing Grafcet (SFC) POUs Creating a Grafcet POU Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Add a new Grafcet POU by one of the following methods: Right-click on Master task and choose Add Grafcet POU from the contextual menu that appears. Click the (Add Grafcet POU) button on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Result: A n - Grafcet node appears below the Master task node, where n is an integer incremented each time a Grafcet POU is created. Inserting a New Grafcet POU Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select an existing Grafcet POU above which to insert the new Grafcet POU. Right-click the selected POU and choose Insert Grafcet POU from the contextual menu that appears. To reposition a Grafcet POU in the Master Task, select a Grafcet POU and click the UP or DOWN button on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab to move the selected Grafcet POU up or down in the program structure. Copying and Pasting Grafcet POUs Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple Grafcet POUs: Select an existing Grafcet POU in the Master Task. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each Grafcet POU in the Master Task. Right-click one of the selected Grafcet POU in the Master Task and choose Copy POU from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click the Master Task and choose Paste POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: One or multiple Grafcet POUs are added to the program structure immediately below the selected Grafcet POU in the Master Task with the same name as the copied Grafcet POU. 96 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Renaming a Grafcet POU Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Edit the Grafcet POU name by one of the following methods: Right-click on a Grafcet POU and choose Rename POU from the contextual menu that appears. Double-click a Grafcet POU. Select a Grafcet POU and press the F2 key. Type the new name for the Grafcet POU node and press ENTER. Removing Grafcet POUs Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple Grafcet POUs: Select an existing Grafcet POU in the Master Task. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each Grafcet POU in the Master Task. Delete the selected Grafcet POUs: Right-click a selected Grafcet POU in the Master Task and choose Delete POU from the contextual menu that appears. Press the DELETE key. EIO0000003281 02/2020 97 Programming Free POUs Introduction In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, a Free POU is a special type of POU that is not explicitly associated with a task: Each Free POU is implemented as a subroutine and is made up of 1 or more rungs written in the Ladder or IL programming languages. NOTE: Grafcet POUs cannot be Free POUs. Free POUs are consumed when: Called using a subroutine call (SRi) from within a program rung Configured as the periodic task Configured as an event task, for example, the subroutine for threshold 0 of a High Speed Counter (HSC) function block (%HSCi.TH0) When consumed as periodic or event tasks, the Free POU subroutine is automatically moved from the Free POUs area of the Tasks window to the Periodic Task or Events area of the window, respectively. When no longer consumed as a periodic task of event task, the subroutine moves back to the Free POUs area and available to be consumed by other tasks or events. 98 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Creating a New Free POU Proceed as follows to create a new Free POU: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Right-click on Free POUs and choose Add Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: A new POU with the default name "Free POU_0" and default subroutine number "SR0" appears below the Free POUs branch and a new rung appears in the Programming workspace. Optionally, right-click on the new POU and choose Rename POU, then type a new name for the POU and press Enter. The name of the Free POU is also updated in the rung that appears in the Programming workspace. Optionally, type a comment (see page 188) to associate with the Free POU. Select Subroutine number to the right of the comment box and choose a subroutine number from the list. Result: The POU description in the Free POUs list is updated with the subroutine number chosen, for example "SR11". Create the rungs/steps and source code for the Free POU/Free Grafcet POU, in the Ladder or IL programming language. Copying and Pasting Existing Free POUs Proceed as follows to copy and paste existing POUs associated with a task to create a Free POU: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple Free POUs: Select an existing Free POU. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each Free POU. Right-click one of the selected Free POU and choose Copy POU from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click and choose Paste POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: One or multiple new Free POUs with the name Free POU_x, where x is the next available Free POU number, and default subroutine number SRx , where x is the next available subroutine number, appear below Free POUs. All rungs of the POU are automatically associated with the new Free POU subroutine number. EIO0000003281 02/2020 99 Programming Copying and Pasting Existing POUs Associated with a Task Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple POUs: Select an existing POU in the Master Task. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each POU in the Master Task. Right-click one of the selected POU in the Master Task and choose Copy POU from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click the Master Task and choose Paste POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: One or multiple POUs are added to the program structure immediately below the selected POU in the Master Task with the same name as the copied POU. Exporting of Free POUs Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the upper left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple existing Free POUs in the Master Task. Right-click on the selected Free POUs in the Master Task and choose Export POU from the contextual menu that appears. Save the Export Free POU files (*.smbf) in the Export folder that appears. Importing of Free POUs Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the upper left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple existing Free POUs in the Master Task. Right-click on the selected Free POUs in the Master Task and choose Import POU from the contextual menu that appears. Select the Free POU files (*.smbf) from the folder that appears, and click Open. NOTE: If a maximum number of Free POUs is reached or the file is corrupted (invalid format), an error message appears and the Free POUs are not imported. 100 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Removing Free POUs Proceed as follows to remove Free POUs: Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or multiple Free POUs: Select an existing Free POU. Press and hold the CTRL key and select each Free POU. Delete the selected Free POUs: Right-click a selected Free POU and choose Delete POU from the contextual menu that appears. Press the DELETE key. NOTE: Unassign (see page 130) a Free POU from a task before removing it. Assigning Free POUs to Events or Periodic Tasks By default, Free POUs and subroutines are not associated with any events or tasks. Refer to Creating Periodic Task (see page 129) for information on how to associate a Free POU with a periodic task. Refer to Creating Event Task (see page 136) for information on how to associate a Free POU with an event. EIO0000003281 02/2020 101 Programming User-Defined Functions Section 5.5 User-Defined Functions Overview A user-defined function allows you to create new functions with input parameters, local variables and a return value. User-defined functions are stored as part of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic project. You can call user-defined functions in: The Master task Periodic tasks Events Free POUs NOTE: The application must be configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 6.0 to support user-defined functions. What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Creating a User-Defined Function Defining a User-Defined Function Managing User-Defined Functions Topic Page 103 104 108 102 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Creating a User-Defined Function Adding a New User-Defined Function You can have up to 64 user-defined functions in a project. Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Create a user-defined function using one of the following methods: Right-click User-defined functions and choose Add user-defined function from the contextual menu that appears. Select User-defined functions and click (Add user-defined-function) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Select an existing user-defined function, right click and choose Insert user-defined function. Result: A new user-defined function is added to the program structure at the bottom of the list. If you inserted a user-defined function, the new user-defined function is above the selected one. The default name is FUNCTIONn, where n is an integer incremented each time a user-defined function is created. 3 Optionally, rename the user-defined function. Refer to Renaming a User-Defined Function (see page 109). 4 Define the user-defined function. Refer to Defining a User-Defined Function (see page 104). You create and manage rungs in a user-defined function in the same way as rungs in a POU. Refer to Managing Rungs (see page 93). EIO0000003281 02/2020 103 Programming Defining a User-Defined Function Presentation The following illustration shows the actions that are available in the Properties view of the userdefined function: 1 Delete the Return value, an input Parameter, or a Local variable 2 Add a Return value, an input Parameter, or a Local variable 3 Optionally, write a description of the purpose of the user-defined function. This description appears in a tooltip when you use the user-defined function in an Operation Block or Comparison Block. 4 Detach the properties view 104 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Programming a User-Defined Function To program a user-defined function: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Add a new user-defined function. Refer to Adding a User-Defined Function (see page 103). Define the interface of the user-defined function by defining the Return value, the input Parameters and the Local variables. Refer to Defining the Interface of a User-Defined Function (see page 106). Click Apply. Define the functionality of the user-defined function in one or more Ladder/IL rungs (see page 93): 1. Insert a Ladder structure element. 2. Program the user-defined function. For example: You can also directly program the user-defined function in the IL editor: You can call other user-defined functions in the rungs that implement a user-defined function. NOTE: User-defined functions cannot be recursive: a user-defined function cannot call itself directly or indirectly. Example: - - - Not allowed A user-defined function cannot call a subroutine, but a subroutine can call a user-defined function. EIO0000003281 02/2020 105 Programming Defining the Interface of a User-Defined Function To use a user-defined function, you must define the objects and their data types. You can modify the default name. Object Default Name Data Type Description Return value Parameters %RET0 %PARAMn(1) Word Double Float Value returned by the user-defined function. Can only be used in a rung of a user-defined function. Parameter of a user-defined function. Can only be used in a rung of a user-defined function. You can add parameters (including function blocks instances) to animation tables. In online mode, the current values of parameters are not displayed on IL/Ladder editor. Local variables %VARn(1) Variables used to store data values within the userdefined function. Can only be used in a rung of a user-defined function. You can add local variables to animation tables. In online mode, the current values of local variables are not displayed on IL/Ladder editor. (1) n is an integer incremented each time a parameter or a local variable is created. These objects are optional. Interfaces Variables and Global Variables The three following variables can only be used in the rungs that implement the user-defined function: %RET0 %PARAMn %VARn Global variables are the other variables that you can use in an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic program, including the rungs of a user-defined function. 106 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Using User-Defined Functions Once defined, user-defined functions can be used anywhere in the program using an Operation Block or Comparison Block in the same way as any other function. In the Ladder editor: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Click the Operation Block or Comparison Block button on the toolbar. Click in the Action zone (see page 172) of the rung to insert the block. Click the Selection mode button on the toolbar. Double-click the operation expression line. You can either: Type the name of the user-defined function. For exampmple, for the name "FUNCTION1", type "FU" and the names of all user-defined functions that begin with "FU" appear: Use Smart Coding (see page 185): a. Click the Smart Coding button. b. Select Filter by category then User-defined function. c. Select the user-defined function. 5 Click Insert Function. 6 Complete the definition of the user-defined function by typing the return value and the parameters as defined in Defining the Interface of a User-Defined Function (see page 106). EIO0000003281 02/2020 107 Programming Managing User-Defined Functions User-Defined Functions in Offline and Online Modes You can manage user-defined functions in offline mode. In online mode, you can: add a rung to an existing user-defined function modify a rung calling a user-defined function Copying/Cutting and Pasting Existing User-Defined Functions Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more user-defined functions: Click to select a user-defined function. Select multiple user-defined functions by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Right-click and choose Copy user-defined functions or Cut user-defined functions from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click User-defined functions and choose Paste user-defined function from the contextual menu that appears. Result: One or more user-defined functions are added at the end of the program structure in User-defined functions. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic automatically assigns new name to the copied user-defined function. Exporting User-Defined Functions User-defined functions are stored as part of the project. If you want to use a user-defined function in another project, you have to export it, then import it to the other project. You can copy/paste between EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic instances. Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more user-defined functions: Click to select a user-defined function. Select multiple user-defined functions by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Right-click the selected user-defined functions in User-defined functions and choose Export user-defined function from the contextual menu that appears. Save the user-defined function file (*.smbf) in the Export folder that appears. 108 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Importing a User-Defined Function User-defined functions are stored as part of the project. If you want to use a user-defined function in another project, you have to export it, then import it to the other project. Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select a user-defined function in User-defined functions. Right-click the selected user-defined function in the User-defined functions and choose Import user-defined function from the contextual menu that appears. Navigate to the folder containing the user-defined function file (*.smbf) and select the userdefined function. Confirm with OK. Renaming a User-Defined Function Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Rename using one of the following methods: Right-click a user-defined function and choose Rename user-defined function from the contextual menu that appears. Double-click the user-defined function in the programming workspace. Select a user-defined function and press the F2 key. Enter the new name for the user-defined function and press ENTER. The accepted characters are A. Z, 0. 9, _. The name must be unique. Otherwise, the name remains unchanged. Deleting User-Defined Functions Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more user-defined functions by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Delete the selected user-defined functions using one of the following methods: Right-click a selected user-defined function in User-defined functions and choose Delete user-defined function from the contextual menu that appears. Press the DELETE key. Click on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. EIO0000003281 02/2020 109 Programming User-Defined Function Blocks Section 5.6 User-Defined Function Blocks Overview A user-defined function block allows you to create new function blocks with one or more input and output parameters, and local variables. User-defined function blocks are stored as part of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. You can call user-defined function blocks in: The Master task Periodic tasks Events Free POUs NOTE: The application must be configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 6.0 to support user-defined function blocks. What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Creating a User-Defined Function Block Defining a User-Defined Function Block Managing User-Defined Function Blocks Topic Page 111 112 115 110 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Creating a User-Defined Function Block Adding a New User-Defined Function Block Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Create a user-defined function block using one of the following methods: Right-click User-defined function blocks and choose Add user-defined function block from the contextual menu that appears. Select User-defined function blocks and click (Add user-defined function block) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Select an existing user-defined function block, right click and choose Insert user-defined function block. Result: A new user-defined function block is added to the program structure immediately at the bottom of the list. If you inserted a user-defined function block, the new user-defined function block is above the selected one. The default name is UDFBn, where n is an integer incremented each time a user-defined function block is created. 3 Optionally, rename the user-defined function block. Refer to Renaming a User-Defined Function Block (see page 116). 4 Define the user-defined function block. Refer to Defining a User-Defined Function Block (see page 112). You create and manage a rung in a user-defined function block in the same way as a rung in a POU. Refer to Managing Rungs (see page 93). EIO0000003281 02/2020 111 Programming Defining a User-Defined Function Block Presentation The following illustration shows the actions that are available in the Properties view of the userdefined function: 1 Add an input or output 2 Delete an input or output 3 Delete the Parameter or the Local variable 4 Add a Parameter or a Local variable 5 Optionally, write a description of the purpose of the user-defined function block. This description appears in a tooltip when you use the user-defined function block in an Operation block. 6 Detach the properties view 7 Number of instances in the user logic for this function block definition Programming a User-Defined Function Block To program a user-defined function block: Step 1 2 3 Action Add a new user-defined function block. Refer to Adding a User-Defined Function Block (see page 103). Define the interface of the user-defined function block by defining the input Parameters and the Local variables. Refer to Defining the Interface of a User-Defined Function Block (see page 113). Click Apply. 112 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Step 4 Action Specify the functionality of the user-defined function block in one or more Ladder/IL rungs (see page 93): 1. Click the Function blocks button on the toolbar. 2. Select the user-defined function block you want to insert. 3. Click in the Action zone (see page 172) of the rung. 4. Program the user-defined function block. You cannot program a user-defined function block in the IL editor. Defining the Interface of a User-Defined Function Block To use a user-defined function block you have to define the inputs, outputs, object types and their data types. You can change the default name. Object type Default Name Data Type Description Inputs %I_n(1) Boolean Input pins for the function block. Outputs %Q_n(1) Boolean Output pins for the function block. Parameters %PARAMn(1) Word Double Float Can only be used in a rung of a user-defined function and user-defined function block. You can add parameters of user-defined function block instances to animation tables. Local variables %VARn(1) Can only be used in a rung of a user-defined function and user-defined function block. You can add local variables of user-defined function block instances to animation tables. Local Function Blocks Type and Address List of data cannot be modified types Can only be used in a rung of a user-defined function block. (1) n is an integer incremented each time an object is created. Interface Variables The interface variables are the variables and parameters defined in the interface of user-defined function block, that can only be used in the rungs that implement the user-defined function block: %I_n %Q_n %PARAMn %VARn (where n is an integer) EIO0000003281 02/2020 113 Programming Global Variables All objects not declared in the interface variables are considered as global objects. They are shared between all instances of user-defined function block and the entire program. For example: %MW123 word %TM2 function block RISING3 function Using a User-Defined Function Block To insert a user-defined function block into a rung: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Click the Function blocks button on the toolbar. Select the user-defined function block you want to insert. Click in the Action zone (see page 172) of the rung. Optionally use operation blocks to read or write function block parameters. The syntax is %.PARAMn, where n is an integer corresponding to the parameter number. Example: You defined a user-defined function block named MY_FB with a parameter %PARAM0. An instance of this user-defined function block is placed in the Master task and the instance number 0 is assigned to it. Result: The object %MY_FB0.PARAM0 is available in any tasks. Modifying an Existing User-defined Function Block A user-defined function block is considered existing once it is used in your logic. This is indicated in the properties view of the user-defined function block definition (see page 112). You can edit the inputs, outputs, parameters and variables of the function block in the same fashion that they were created without additional restriction. WARNING UNITENTED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Verify all existing instances of the user-defined function block after editing any input or output definitions such that the logic of their use functions as originally intended. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. 114 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Managing User-Defined Function Blocks User-Defined Function Blocks in Offline and Online Modes You can manage the user-defined function blocks in offline mode. In online mode, you can: add a rung to an existing user-defined function block modify a rung calling a user-defined function block Copying/Cutting and Pasting Existing User-Defined Function Blocks Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more user-defined function blocks: Click to select a user-defined function block. Select multiple user-defined function blocks by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Right-click and choose Copy user-defined function blocks or Cut user-defined function blocks from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click User-defined function blocks and choose Paste user-defined function block from the contextual menu that appears. Result: One or more user-defined function blocks are added at the end of the program structure in User-defined function blocks. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic automatically assigns new name to the copied user-defined function block. Exporting User-Defined Function Blocks User-defined function blocks are stored as part of the project. If you want to use a user-defined function block in another project, you have to export it, then import it to the other project. Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more user-defined function blocks: Click to select a user-defined function block. Select multiple user-defined function blocks by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Right-click the selected user-defined function blocks in User-defined function blocks and choose Export user-defined function block from the contextual menu that appears. Save the user-defined function block file (*.smbf) in the Export folder that appears. EIO0000003281 02/2020 115 Programming Importing a User-Defined Function Block User-defined function blocks are stored as part of the project. If you want to use a user-defined function block in another project, you have to export it, then import it to the other project. Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select a user-defined function in User-defined function blocks. Right-click the selected user-defined function in the User-defined functions blocks and choose Import user-defined function block from the contextual menu that appears. Navigate to the folder containing the user-defined function block file (*.smbf) and select the user-defined function block. Confirm with OK. Renaming a User-Defined Function Block Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Rename using one of the following methods: Right-click a user-defined function block and choose Rename user-defined function block from the contextual menu that appears. Double-click the user-defined function block's name in the programming workspace. Select a user-defined function block and press the F2 key. Enter the new name for the user-defined function block and press ENTER. The accepted characters are A. Z, 0. 9, _. The name must be unique. Otherwise, the name remains unchanged. Deleting User-Defined Function Blocks Step 1 2 3 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more user-defined function blocks by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Delete the selected user-defined function blocks using one of the following methods: Right-click a selected user-defined function block in User-defined function blocks and choose Delete user-defined function block from the contextual menu that appears. Press the DELETE key. Click on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. 116 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Master Task Section 5.7 Master Task What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Master Task Description Configuring Master Task Topic Programming Page 118 119 EIO0000003281 02/2020 117 Programming Master Task Description Overview The master task represents the main task of the application program. It is obligatory and is created by default. The master task is made up of sections and subroutines represented within Program Organizational Units (POUs). Each POU of the master task can be programmed in any of the supported programming languages. Procedure For Creating a new POU in the master task Renaming a POU in the master task Removing a POU from the master task Refer To Creating a New POU Associated with a Task (see page 90) Renaming a POU (see page 91) Removing a POU (see page 92) 118 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Configuring Master Task Procedure Follow these steps to configure the master task: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select the Master Task item. Result: The Master Task properties appear in the lower central area of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic window. Modify the properties as required. Click Apply to save the changes. Master Task Properties Scan Mode Choose the scan mode to use for the program: Normal: When a logic controller is in normal (freewheeling) scan mode, a new scan starts immediately after the previous scan has completed. Periodic: In periodic scan mode, the logic controller waits until the configured scan time has elapsed before starting a new scan. Every scan is therefore the same duration. Specify the scan Period for the periodic scan mode of 1. 150 ms. EIO0000003281 02/2020 119 Programming System Bits and Words Controlling the Master Task The master task can be controlled by system bits (%S) and system words (%SW): This table lists the system bits: System BIts %S11 %S19 Description Watchdog overflow Scan period overrun (periodic scan mode) This table lists the system words: System Words %SW0 %SW30, %SW70 %SW31, %SW71 %SW32, %SW72 Description Logic controller scan period (periodic scan mode) Last scan time. Indicates the execution time of the last controller scan cycle, that is, the time elapsed between the start (acquisition of inputs) and the end (update of outputs) of a master task scan cycle. %SW30 provides the millisecond part, and %SW70 provides the microseconds part. For example, if the scan time is 2.250 ms, %SW30 = 2 and %SW70 = 250. Maximum scan time. Indicates the execution time of the longest controller scan time since the last cold start of the logic controller. %SW31 provides the millisecond part, and %SW71 provides the microseconds part. For example, if the scan time is 2.250 ms, %SW31 = 2 and %SW71 = 250. Minimum scan time. Indicates the execution time of the shortest controller scan time since the last cold restart of the logic controller.%SW32 provides the millisecond part, and %SW72 provides the microseconds part. For example, if the scan time is 2.250 ms, %SW32 = 2 and %SW72 = 250. Refer to the Programming Guide for your hardware platform for a complete list of system bits and words and their meaning. 120 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Strings Section 5.8 Strings Programming Overview Strings are a sequence of bytes containing ASCII characters that you can store in the following memory objects: Memory words %MW Constant words %KW There are two bytes in one word. Syntax to program a string: %MWx:L x Index of the memory object L Number of words used by the string and must be between 1. 255. The supported controllers have a little-endian architecture; the bytes are stored from the lowest order byte to the highest. The following table shows you an example of the storage of the bytes for the string Basic: Memory objects Hexadecimal ASCII %MW0 or %KW0 6142 aB %MW1 or %KW1 6973 is %MW2 or %KW2 0D63 \rc (1) (1) \r is the end of character. This character is mandatory and taken into account when processing the strings. It is configurable in the Application Behaviour window (see page 84). The default value is CR (ASCII 13). NOTE: Starting functional level 11.0, it is possible to change the end character. Refer to Functional Levels (see page 83). You can write up to 509 characters. NOTE: The memory objects are used as a variable or for a string. If you have configured a memory object for a string, do not configure any of the memory words it contains as a variable. EIO0000003281 02/2020 121 Programming What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Configuring Strings in Constant words Assigning Strings in Memory Words Managing Strings Topic Page 123 124 125 122 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Configuring Strings in Constant words Entering a String Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action In the Programming window, click Tools Memory objects Constant words. In Constant word properties, click %KW. Click the button in the Configuration column for the constant word that you want to configure. If the constant word is already configured the Confirmation window appears. Click Ok to overwrite the value. Otherwise, click Cancel. Result: The Constant string Assistant window appears. Enter the string. Result: Range of constants required, including the termination marker, is displayed below the input text box for the string. Click Apply. Result: The entered characters are applied to the corresponding and required constant variables. The end character selected in the Application Behavior window (see page 84) is added to the string. The characters are inverted. Refer to the overview of this section (see page 121). EIO0000003281 02/2020 123 Programming Assigning Strings in Memory Words Syntax The following describes Instruction List syntax. You can insert Instruction List operations and assignment instructions (see page 184) in Ladder Diagram rungs using an Operation Block graphical element. For assigning a string in a memory word, use this syntax: Op1 := "Your string". For example: %MW10:20 := "This is a Basic string." If you want the software to calculate the memory space needed, type %MWx:? := "Your string". Rules of Use When you assign a string: Make sure there is no overlapping. You can overwrite a string by another string. The use of the quotation character is not supported for immediate string assignments. 124 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Managing Strings Introduction The following functions allow you to: Copy a string. Get the length of a string. Concatenate two strings. Compare two strings. Syntax The following describes Instruction List syntax. You can insert Instruction List operations and assignment instructions (see page 184) in Ladder Diagram rungs using an Operation Block graphical element. Copying a String For copying a string, use this syntax: Op1 := Op2. The following table presents the authorized memory objects for Op1 and Op2: Parameters Op1 Op2 x, y Indexes of the memory object L must be the same for both Op1 and Op2 Description %MWx:L %MWy:L or %KWy:L Getting the Length of a String For getting the length of a string, use this syntax: Op1 := LENGTH(Op2). The following table presents the authorized memory objects for Op1 and Op2: Parameters Op1 Op2 x, y Indexes of the memory object Description %MWx %MWy:L or %KWy:L Immediate strings are not accepted. EIO0000003281 02/2020 125 Programming Concatenating Two Strings For concatenating two strings, use this syntax: Op1 := CONCAT(Op2, Op3). The following table presents the authorized memory objects for Op1, Op2 and Op3: Parameters Op1 Op2 Op3 x, y, z Indexes of the memory object Description %MWx:L %MWy:A or %KWy:A %MWz:B or %KWz:B EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic does not validate that L is sufficiently sized for the concatenation. Be sure that Op1 is of an adequate, minimum length for the operation. Immediate strings are not accepted. The following table presents the process of concatenation: Stage 1 2 3 4 5 Description The application copies Op2 into Op1. The copy stops if: The end character of Op2 is reached. NOTE: The end character is configurable in the Application Behavior window (see page 84). The default value is `CR' (carriage return). The memory space assigned to Op2 is copied. %S28 is set to TRUE. Refer to System Bits Description. The entire memory space of Op1 is filled. %S28 is set to TRUE. If the memory space of Op1 is not filled, the application continues by copying Op3 into Op1. The copy stops if: The configured end character of Op3 is reached. NOTE: The end character is configurable in the Application Behavior window (see page 84). The default value is `CR' (carriage return). The memory space assigned to Op3 is copied. %S28 is set to TRUE. The entire memory space of Op1 is filled. %S28 is set to TRUE. The application ensures that Op1 ends with the configured end character. The last character of Op1 may be replaced by the configured end character if the memory space is filled. 126 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Comparing Two Strings For comparing two strings, use this syntax: Op1 := EQUAL_STR(Op2, Op3). The following table presents the authorized memory objects for Op1, Op2 and Op3: Parameters Op1 Op2 Op3 x, y, z Indexes of the memory object Description %MWx %MWy:A or %KWy:A %MWz:B or %KWz:B When the application detects a different character, Op1 equals the index position of the first different character encountered left to right. The following table presents examples of the result of string comparison: Op2 Op3 Different character Op1 azerty qwerty First one 0 123456 124356 Third one 2 EcoStruxure Machine EcoStruxure Machine ­ -1 Expert - Basic Expert - Basic The following table presents the process of a string comparison: If And if The application reaches the configured end character of Op2 NOTE: The end character is configurable in the Application Behavior window (see page 84). The default value is `CR' (carriage return). Op2 = Op3 Op2 Op3 The application finds a different ­ character before reaching the end of Op2 or Op3. The end of the memory space A B assigned to Op2 or Op3 is reached A = B Then Op1 := -1 Op1 equals the different character position. Op1 equals the different character position. Op1 equals the different character position and %S28 is set to TRUE. Refer to System Bits Description. Op1 := -1 and %S28 is raised. EIO0000003281 02/2020 127 Programming Periodic Task Section 5.9 Periodic Task What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Creating Periodic Task Configuring Periodic Task Scan Duration Topic Page 129 131 128 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Creating Periodic Task Overview A periodic task is a subroutine, usually of short duration, that is processed periodically. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, this subroutine is implemented as a Free POU (see page 98). The subroutine can be written in any of the programming languages supported by EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. Assigning a Subroutine to a Periodic Task Step 1 2 3 Action Create a new Free POU (see page 99) containing the periodic task subroutine. Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Assign a subroutine to the periodic task by one of the following methods: Select the Periodic Task and click (Assign Free POU button) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Right-click the Periodic Task and choose Assign Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: The Select a Free POU window is displayed: NOTE: You can directly add a Free POU to the periodic task. Right-click the Periodic Task and choose Add Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. In this case, a Free POU is created and assigned to the periodic task. EIO0000003281 02/2020 129 Programming Step 4 Action Select a Free POU to assign to the periodic task and click OK. Result: The selected subroutine is assigned to the Periodic Task and no longer avaialble in the Free POU branch of the Tasks tab. For example, if the Free POU "Free POU_0" containing the subroutine SR4 is assigned to the periodic task, the Free POU_0 (%SR4) subroutine moves from the Free POU branch to the Periodic Task branch of the Tasks tab. Removing a Subroutine from a Periodic Task Step 1 2 Action Click the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Remove the subroutine from the Periodic Task by one of the following methods: Select the Periodic Task and click (Unassign Free POU button) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Right-click the Periodic Task and choose Unassign Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: The selected subroutine is removed from the Periodic Task and available as a Free POU in the Free POUs branch of the Tasks tab. 130 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Configuring Periodic Task Scan Duration Procedure Follow these steps to configure scan duration for periodic task: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select the Periodic Task item. Result: The Periodic Task properties appear in the lower central area of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic window. Modify the properties as required. Click Apply to save the changes. Periodic Task Properties Specify the scan Period for the periodic task from 1. 255 ms. The default value is 255 ms. EIO0000003281 02/2020 131 Programming Event Task Section 5.10 Event Task What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Overview of Event Tasks Event Sources Event Priorities Viewing Event Tasks Topic Page 133 134 135 136 132 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Overview of Event Tasks Introduction An event task: Is a part of a program executed when a given condition is met (event source) Has a higher priority than the main program Produces a rapid response time, enabling the overall response time of the system to be reduced. Description of an Event An event is composed of: An event source: a software or hardware condition that interrupts the program when the event is triggered. A POU: an independent program entity (subroutine) associated with an event. A priority level: a priority assigned to events to determine the order in which they are executed. EIO0000003281 02/2020 133 Programming Event Sources Overview 8 event sources are available: 4 linked to selected physical inputs of the logic controller 4 linked to the HSC function block thresholds An event source is always attached to a single event. When an event is triggered, it interrupts the controller, which then executes the subroutine associated with the event. Physical Input Events of a Logic Controller The embedded digital inputs %I0.2, %I0.3, %I0.4 and %I0.5 of a logic controller can be configured as event sources (filtering must be disabled). For each of these event sources, you can choose to: Trigger events on detection of a rising edge, falling edge, or both rising and falling edges Assign a priority to the event Identify the subroutine associated with the event. For further details on configuring input events, refer to the Programming Guide of the logic controller. Threshold Output Event of an %HSC Function Block The threshold outputs TH0 and TH1 of the %HSC function block can be used as event sources. Outputs TH0 and TH1 are set as follows: TH0 = 0 and TH1 = 0 when the value is less than threshold S0 and threshold S1 TH0 = 1 and TH1 = 0 when the value is greater than threshold S0 and less than threshold S1 TH0 = 1 and TH1 = 1 when the value is greater than threshold S0 and threshold S1 For each of these event sources, you can choose to: Trigger events on detection of a rising edge, falling edge, or both rising and falling edges. Assign a priority to the event. Identify the subroutine associated with the event. A rising or falling edge of these outputs can activate an event process. For further details on configuring output event, refer to the Programming Guide of the logic controller. 134 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Event Priorities Event Priorities Events have one of 8 possible priorities, from 7 (the lowest) to 0 (the highest). Assign a priority to each event source. Two events cannot have the same priority. Thus, the order of execution depends on their relative priorities and the order in which they are detected. Event tasks interrupt both master and periodic task execution. For more information, refer to Event Priority Over Master and Periodic Tasks (see page 87). NOTE: Care must be exercised when writing to global areas of memory or affecting I/O values when event tasks are called during the execution of other tasks. Modifying values that are otherwise used in the other tasks could affect logical outcomes of those tasks adversely. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Thoroughly test and validate all tasks (Master, Periodic and any Event tasks) and the interactive affect they have on one another before putting your application into service. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. For configuring the event task priorities, refer to Programming Guide of your controller. Event Management Each time an interrupt linked to an event source appears, the following sequence is launched: Step 1 2 3 4 5 Description Interrupt event occurs. Save the context. Execution of the programming section (subroutine labeled SRi:) linked to the event. Update the embedded outputs. Restore the context. EIO0000003281 02/2020 135 Programming Viewing Event Tasks Overview Event tasks are displayed in the Configuration tab. Refer to Configuring Digital Inputs. You can display configured event sources, subroutines attached to events, and verify the status of events using system bits and words. To display the event sources and subroutines (Free POUs) assigned to events: Step 1 2 Action Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select Events: NOTE: Configured event sources that have not yet been assigned a subroutine appear in red. NOTE: Only embedded controller inputs/outputs can be used in an event subroutine. 136 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Assigning a Free POU to an Event Source Proceed as follows to assign a Free POU to a configured event source: Step 1 2 3 Action Create a new Free POU (see page 99) containing the subroutine to use for the event. Select the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Assign a subroutine to the event source by one of the following methods: Select the event source in the Events list and click (Assign Free POU button) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Right-click the event source in the Events list and choose Assign Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: The Select a Free POU window is displayed: NOTE: You can directly add a Free POU to the event source. Right-click the event source in the Events list and choose Add Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. In this case, a Free POU is created and assigned to the event source. 4 Select a Free POU to assign to the event source and click OK. Result: The selected subroutine is assigned to the event source and no longer avaialble in the Free POU branch of the Tasks tab. For example, if the Free POU "Free POU_0" containing the subroutine SR1 is assigned to the event source, the Free POU_0 (%SR1) subroutine moves from the Free POU branch to the event source branch of the Tasks tab. EIO0000003281 02/2020 137 Programming Removing a Subroutine from an Event To remove the association between a subroutine and an event source, follow these steps: Step 1 2 Action Click the Tasks tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Remove the subroutine from the event source by one of the following methods: Select the event source in the Events list and click (Unassign Free POU button) on the toolbar at the top of the Tasks tab. Right-click the event source in the Events list and choose Unassign Free POU from the contextual menu that appears. Result: The selected subroutine is removed from the event source and available as a Free POU in the Free POUs branch of the Tasks tab. Checking Events with System Bits and Words The following system bits are used to check the events: System Bit %S38 %S39 Description Used to enable (%S38 = 1) or disable (%S38 = 0) events processing. Used to determine if events are lost. The following system words are used to check the events: System Word %SW48 Description The number of events that have been executed since the last cold start of the logic controller. The values of %S39 and %SW48 are reset to 0 and the value of system bit %S38 is set to its initial state 1 following a cold restart or after an application is loaded. Their values remain unchanged after a warm restart. 138 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Using Tools Section 5.11 Using Tools What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Messages Animation Tables Memory Objects System Objects I/O Objects Network Objects Software Objects PTO Objects Drive Objects Communication Objects Search and Replace Cross Reference Symbol List Memory Consumption View Topic Programming Page 140 142 147 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 161 162 167 EIO0000003281 02/2020 139 Programming Messages Overview While editing the program, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic analyzes the source code in the Programming tab. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic also analyzes the program whenever the Compile button on the toolbar is clicked. If errors or advisories are detected, a clickable icon is displayed in the Programming tab: Clicking on this icon opens the Messages window. The icon that is displayed depends on the message severity: Icon Meaning Advisory. The rung is incomplete. A syntax error is detected. If both advisory and error messages are detected, only the Error icon The icon is also displayed in the Tools tab next to Messages: is displayed. Displaying Messages To display a list of error and advisory messages: Step 1 2 Action Click the icon on the Programming tab or: Click Tools Messages A list of messages is displayed in the lower central area of the Programming window. In the Messages area, click the Advisory button to display advisory messages, or the Error button to display error messages. Click the button again to hide the list of messages. 140 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Rung Status EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic also displays the status of each rung in the program individually. If the rung is syntactically valid and complete, there are no messages to display and a green tick symbol is displayed: An Advisory icon appears if the rung is incomplete, for example, it does not contain a final instruction such as an END, CALL, or Jump: An Error icon appears if EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic detects one or more syntax errors that would prevent successful compilation of the rung: Advisory and Error icons are also displayed next to the name of each rung with errors in the Tasks tab: EIO0000003281 02/2020 141 Programming Animation Tables Overview You can add objects to animation tables to: View symbols and comments associated with objects. View and modify the real-time values of certain object types when EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is connected to the logic controller (online mode). Select objects to be displayed in the Trace window (see page 228). Animation tables are a component of an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application, and so are downloaded to the logic controller as part of the non-program data together with the program. This allows the objects stored in animation tables to be retrieved when an application is later uploaded from the logic controller. If you add an object that does not exist to an animation table, the Value field is displayed with a red outline. For example, if you add %Q1.0 but there is no corresponding digital output module in the configuration. Creating an Animation Table Step 1 2 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Right-click Animation tables and choose Add new animation table from the contextual menu that appears. Result: A new animation table item appears below the Animation Tables area of the Tools window, and a properties window appears in the lower central area of the window. 142 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Adding Individual Objects to an Animation Table Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select the animation table to configure in the Animation tables area of the Tools window. Result: The properties window appears in the lower central area of the window. To add a new object to the bottom of the animation table, type the object name into the text box and press Enter, or click Add. The following objects can be added to an animation table: I/O objects Function block objects. For example, for a Timer function block %TM0, %TM0.V, %TM0.P and %TM0.Q are automatically added to the animation table. Bit strings (example: %Mx:L where L is the bit count, multiple of 8) Word tables (example: %MWx:L where L is the word count) Bits of words (example: %MWx:X where X is the offset of the bit) Network objects (%QWE, %IWE, %QWM, %IWM) NOTE: Network objects are only available if either the EtherNet/IP adapter (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) of the logic controller is enabled, or Modbus mapping is enabled in the Modbus TCP Configuration. To add a new object immediately above an existing object, select a row in the animation table, type the name of the object to add into the text box, and click Insert. Addresses of I/O objects in animation tables are not automatically modified following configuration changes. For example, %Q3.0 is not automatically changed to %Q1.0 when the position of the corresponding module changes in the configuration. You must take into account any adjustments made to I/O memory assignments within your application and update them accordingly. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Inspect and modify as necessary any immediate I/O addresses used in the application after modifying the configuration. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. Always verify and update animation tables following a configuration change. Adding All Objects Used in a Rung to the Animation Table Step 1 Action If more than 1 animation table exists, select an animation table in the Animation tables area of the Tools window. Result: The animation table properties window appears in the lower central area of the window. EIO0000003281 02/2020 143 Programming Step 2 3 Action Select the Tasks window. Right-click a rung and choose Add rung objects to the current animation table from the contextual menu that appears. Result: Objects used in the rung are added to the animation table. NOTE: The rung must contain no errors detected (error icon does not appear). Only the first 64 objects used in the rung are added (the maximum size of an animation table). If the same object appears more than once in a rung, only the first occurrence is added to the animation table. Animation Table Properties This table describes the properties of the animation tables: Parameter Editable Value Description Used No True/False Indicates whether the object is currently being used in a program. Trace Yes(1) True/False Select the object to trace in the Trace window (see page 228). Address No Object address Displays the address of the object. Symbol No A valid symbol The name of the symbol associated with this object, if defined. Value Yes(2) Current value The value of the object. If the object type has read/write access and you are in online mode (see page 31), double-click and type a new object value if required. The value of the object is updated in real time in the program running in the logic controller. See Modifying Real-Time Values (see page 231) for details. Force Yes(2) Force to 0 Force to 1 Not Forced Only appears for digital inputs and digital outputs. Only editable when in online mode (see page 31). Allows you to force the value of the input or output to 0 or 1 as required. Choose Not Forced to remove any forcing currently applied to the address. NOTE: Forcing is performed at the end of the scan cycle. The image table of the outputs, however, may be modified due to the logic of your program, and may appear in animation tables and other data displays contrary to the forced state you selected. At the end of the scan, this will be corrected by acting upon the requested forced state and the physical output will indeed reflect that forced state. Comment No A valid comment The comment associated with this object, if defined. (1) You can select up to 8 objects. (2) Depending on the object type, and whether you are in online mode. 144 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Configuring Items in an Animation Table To search for and optionally replace an object in an animation table, right-click the object and choose Search and Replace. Refer to Search and Replace (see page 159) for further details. To remove an object from an animation table, right-click the object and choose Remove from animation table. Copying/Cutting and Pasting Existing Animation Tables Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Select one or more animation tables in Animation tables by pressing and holding the CTRL key. Right-click one of the selected animation tables in Animation tables and choose Copy animation table or Cut animation table. To paste the animation table, either: Right-click Animation tables and choose Paste animation table. Right-click an existing animation table and choose Paste animation table. Result: The Confirmation window appears. To keep the symbols and comments, clear the check box, then click Ok. Result: One or more animation tables are added at the end of Animation tables or after the selected animation table. When copying/pasting an animation table, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic automatically assigns a new name. For example: Animation_table_2 becomes Animation_table_2_0. When you paste an animation table to a project with a lower functional level (see page 83), only the object configurations supported by this functional level are copied. If the symbols contained in the pasted animation table are already used in the project, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic replaces the pasted symbol. Deleting an Animation Table Step 1 Action Right-click the animation table to delete in the Animation tables area of the Tools window and click Delete animation table. Renaming an Animation Table Step 1 2 Action Right-click the animation table to rename in the Animation tables area of the Tools window and click Rename animation table. Type the new name of the animation table and press Enter. EIO0000003281 02/2020 145 Programming Exporting Animation Tables Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. To select the animation table either: Right-click Animation tables. Select one or more existing animation tables by pressing and holding the CTRL key, then right-click. Click Export animation table. Choose a folder and save the animation tables (.smbf). Importing Animation Tables Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. To select the animation table either: Right-click Animation tables. Right-click an existing animation table. Click Import animation tables. Navigate to the folder containing the animation table file (*.smbf). Select the animation tables, then click Open. Result: The animation tables are added at the end of Animation tables or before the selected existing animation table. If the symbols contained in the imported animation table are already used in the project, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic replaces the imported symbol. Opening the Trace Window Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select up to 8 objects in the Trace column of an animation table. Connect (see page 248) to the logic controller or launch the simulator (see page 266). Select a value in the Time Base list. This determines the refresh frequency of the Trace window (see page 228), in seconds. Click Trace. The Trace window is displayed. 146 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Memory Objects Overview Memory objects include: Memory bits Memory words Constant words Selecting the Memory Allocation Mode Before viewing or updating the properties of memory objects, choose the memory allocation mode (see page 73) to use. Displaying the Used Memory Objects To display the used memory objects, select the Table view check box: Color Dark green Light green Orange Parameter Used Equ Used Used & Equ Used Description Indicates whether the memory object is currently being used in a program. Indicates whether part of the memory area of the memory object is currently being used. Refer to Possibility of Overlap Between Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). Indicates whether the memory object and a part of the memory area of the memory object is currently being used. Memory Bit Properties This table describes each parameter of the Memory bits screen: Parameter Used Address Symbol Editable No No Yes Value True/False Refer to Bit Objects A valid symbol Default Value False N/A None Description Indicates whether the memory bit is currently being used in a program. Displays the address of the memory bit, where x is the number of memory bits supported by the logic controller. Allows you to associate a symbol with this memory bit. EIO0000003281 02/2020 147 Programming Parameter Value Comment Editable Yes Yes Value Default Value Refer to Bit 0 Objects. A valid comment None Description The value of this memory bit. Allows you to associate a comment with this memory bit Memory Word Properties First choose the memory word type to display properties for: %MW. Memory words %MD. Double words %MF. Floating-point words This table describes the properties of Memory words: Parameter Used Equ Used Address Symbol Value Comment Editable No Value True/False No True/False Default Value False False No Refer to Word N/A Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) Yes A valid symbol None Yes Refer to Word 0 Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). Yes A valid comment None Description Indicates whether the memory word is currently being used in a program. Equivalent used. Indicates whether part of the memory area of the memory word is currently being used. Refer to Possibility of Overlap Between Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). Displays the address of the memory word. Allows you to associate a symbol with this memory word. The value of this memory word. Allows you to associate a comment with this memory word. 148 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Constant Word Properties Programming First choose the constant word type to display properties for: %KW. Constant words. %KD. Double constant words %KF. Floating-point constant words. This table describes each parameter of the Constant words screen: Parameter Used Equ Used Address Symbol Decimal Editable No Value True/False No True/False Default Value False False No Refer to Word N/A Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) Yes A valid symbol None Yes Decimal 0 representation of the value. Refer to Word Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) Description Indicates whether the constant word is currently being used in a program. Equivalent used. Indicates whether part of the memory area of the constant word is currently being used. Refer to Possibility of Overlap Between Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). Displays the address of the constant word. Allows you to associate a symbol with this constant word. The decimal value of this constant word. EIO0000003281 02/2020 149 Programming Parameter Binary Hexadecimal ASCII Comment Editable Yes Yes Yes Yes Value Default Value Description Binary representation of the value. Refer to Word Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) 2#00000000000 The binary value of this constant word. 00000 Hexadecimal representation of the value. Refer to Word Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) 16#0000 The hexadecimal value of this constant word. ASCII representation of the value. Refer to Word Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) no meaning The ASCII value of this constant word. A valid comment None Allows you to associate a comment with this constant word. 150 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Exporting/Importing the Constant Word Properties You can export into a CSV file and import the Address, Symbol, Value, and Comment properties in offline or online mode. Exporting the constant word properties: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Click Memory objects Constant words. In Constant word properties, click Export. Result: The Export constants window appears. In the Export constants window: 1. Select the Export type. 2. Choose the File path by clicking . 3. Enter: The File name, The First index (numeric), The Last index (numeric). The First index must be less than or equal to the Last Index. To modify the export parameters, click Export options: 1. Select Headers if you want to display the name of the headers. 2. Choose Semicolon or Comma as separator. Click Export. Importing the constant word properties: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Click Memory objects Constant words. In Constant word properties, click Import. Result: The window Import constants appears. Click and navigate to the folder containing the file (*.csv) and double-click the file. To modify the import parameters, click the .csv file: Semicolon or Comma. Click Import. Import options and choose the separator used in In case of duplicate values, the last duplicate value is imported. EIO0000003281 02/2020 151 Programming System Objects Overview System objects are specific to the logic controller. For details, refer to the Programming Guide of your logic controller. 152 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming I/O Objects Overview The following object types are hardware-specific and depend on the logic controller being used: Digital inputs and outputs Analog inputs and outputs Advanced function blocks such as fast counters, high-speed counters, and pulse generators. For more details, refer to the Programming Guide and Advanced Functions Library Guide of your logic controller. EIO0000003281 02/2020 153 Programming Network Objects Presentation Network objects are used to communicate via EtherNet/IP, Modbus TCP, or Modbus Serial IOScanner. There are two types of network object for EtherNet/IP communication: %QWE: Input Assembly %IWE: Output Assembly There are two types of network object for Modbus TCP communication: %QWM: Input registers %IWM: Output registers The following types of network object are used for the Modbus Serial IOScanner: %IN: Digital inputs (IOScanner) %QN: Digital outputs (IOScanner) %IWN: Input registers (IOScanner) %QWN: Output registers (IOScanner) %IWNS: IOScanner Network Diagnostic Codes NOTE: References to input and output are from the point of view of the EtherNet/IP master or Modbus TCP client. For more information on how to configure network objects, refer to the programming guide for your logic controller. 154 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Software Objects Overview EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic supports the following generic software objects: Object Timers Counters Messages LIFO/FIFO Registers Drums Shift Bit Registers Step Counters Schedule Blocks RTC PID Data Logging Grafcet Steps Description Used to specify a period of time before doing something, for example, triggering an event. Provides up and down counting of events. Allows communication with external devices. A memory block that can store up to 16 words of 16 bits each in FIFO or LIFO modes. Operates on a principle similar to an electromechanical Drum Controller, which changes step according to external events. On each step, the high point of a cam gives a command which is executed by the logic controller. Provides a left or right shift of binary data bits (0 or 1). Provides a series of steps to which actions can be assigned. Used to control actions at a predefined month, day, and time. Used to read the time and date from the RTC, or update the RTC in the logic controller with a user-defined time and date. Allows regulation of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) function. Allows to permanently store data from objects or strings. Lists the Grafcet bit address (%Xi) variables in order to add or modify symbols or comments. These function blocks are described in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Generic Functions Library Guide (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). Selecting the Memory Allocation Mode Before viewing or updating the properties of software objects, choose the memory allocation mode (see page 73) to use. EIO0000003281 02/2020 155 Programming PTO Objects Overview The PTO objects provide the function blocks used for programming the PTO functions. The PTO function blocks are categorized as: Motion task tables Allows you to configure individual PTO movements in an ordered sequence, and visualize an estimated global movement profile. Motion These function blocks control motions of the axis. For example, power to axis, movement of the axis, and so on. Administrative These function blocks control the status and diagnostics of the axis movement. For example, status and value of actual velocity, actual position, axis control detected errors, and so on. For more details on the PTO function blocks, refer to the Advanced Function Library Guide of your controller. 156 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Drive Objects Overview Drive objects control ATV drives and other devices configured on the Modbus Serial IOScanner or Modbus TCP IOScanner. Refer to the Advanced Functions Library Guide of your logic controller. EIO0000003281 02/2020 157 Programming Communication Objects Overview Communication objects are used to communicate with Modbus devices, send/receive messages in character mode (ASCII), and to send/receive SMS messages. For details, refer to the chapter Communication Objects. 158 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Search and Replace Overview Search and Replace allows you to find all occurrences of an object used anywhere in a program and optionally replace it with a different object. Searching and Replacing Items Step 1 2 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. It is also possible to invoke the search and replace function from various other locations in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, for example, by right-clicking on an entry in an animation table (see page 142) and selecting Search & Replace. You can use any of the following methods to display the Search and Replace window: Click Search and Replace in the Tools tab of the Programming window. Right-click on a rung or a selected item in the rung and click Search and Replace in the context menu that appears. Right-click on a line in the properties window of any object and click Search and Replace in the context menu that appears. This graphic shows the Search and Replace window: 3 In the Find box type the object or symbol name to find. The Find field is pre-filled if the search was started by right-clicking on a selected item in a rung or an item in a properties window of an object.) You can use the following wildcard characters: Asterisk (*). Replaces 0 or more characters in the search term. For example, %MW1* would find both %MW1 and %MW101. Question mark (?). Replaces exactly 1 character in the search term. For example, typing COIL?2 would find COIL12 but not COIL012 4 Optionally, in the Replace box type a replacement object or symbol name. EIO0000003281 02/2020 159 Programming Step 5 6 Action Select Program to search for the item within the source code of the current program. Select Comments to search for the item within program comments. Click Search or Replace. You can also press ENTER to start the search. Replace button is enabled only when the replacement object or symbol name is given in the Replace box. All items found are listed in the Results list: 7 Optionally, select Show symbols to display instead any symbols defined for objects: 8 Click on any of the listed results to jump directly to the line of code in the program. 160 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Cross Reference Overview The cross reference view allows to display the program contained in a POU. If an object depends on another object of the same POU, the corresponding rungs are displayed. The cross reference view is available in both offline and online modes. Displaying the Cross Reference View To display the cross reference view, click Programming Tools Cross Reference, then select one or several objects in the action zone. Cross Reference View The following table presents the element of the cross reference view: Element POU Rung Code view Symbol view Description Name of the POU containing the object. Name of the rung containing the object. Programming code of the object. Symbol of the object. EIO0000003281 02/2020 161 Programming Symbol List Overview You can display a list of all the symbols that have been associated with objects in your program. All objects with symbols are displayed, with the exception of symbols automatically associated with system bits (%S) and system words (%SW). You can overwrite symbols and comments on system bits (%S) and system words (%SW) using the System Objects properties, or by importing your own symbols list (see below). Overwritten symbols then appear in the symbol list. Defining and Using Symbols (see page 71) describes how to create symbols and use them in your programs. Displaying the Symbol List Step 1 2 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Click Symbol list. Result: The Symbol list window is displayed. For each item the following information is displayed: Used: Whether the symbol is currently being used in the program. Address: The address of the object with which the symbol is associated. Symbol: The symbol name. Comment: The comment associated with this object, if defined. Assign symbol: EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic automatically assigns a symbol to each object used without symbol of the following types: %M, %MW, %MD, %MF, %S, %SW, %KW, %I, %IW, %Q, and %QW. Delete default symbols: Deleting default symbols assigned. Import: Importing symbols. Export: Exporting symbols. Creating Default Symbols To create default symbols for memory objects: 1. Click Assign symbol. Result: Default symbols are assigned to all memory objects (%M, %MW, %MD, %MF, %S, %SW, %KW, %KD, %KF, %I, %IW, %Q, %QW) used in the program that do not already have symbols defined. Symbols are named as follows: symbolname = objectname_i, where objectname is the object type without the % and i is the index of the object. Example: The following objects are used in the program but have no symbols defined: Object %MW0 %MW2 %M0 Symbol Assigned MW_0 MW_2 M_0 162 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Deleting Default Symbols To delete default symbols: Step 1 2 Action Click Delete default symbols. Click Yes on the confirmation window that appears. Result: All default symbols assigned are deleted. NOTE: If an object with a default symbol assigned is no longer used in the program, it retains its default symbol. Importing Symbols Step 1 2 3 Action Either click the Import button or right-click anywhere in the list of symbols and choose Import symbols. Result: The Import Symbols window is displayed. Browse and select the File path of the Comma Separated Values (CSV) file containing the symbols to import. Optionally, click Import options and configure formatting options for the imported symbols: EIO0000003281 02/2020 163 Programming Step 4 Action Click Import. Result: All symbols in the selected CSV file are created and displayed in the Symbol list window with the specified formatting options. If errors are detected during import, a report is displayed listing them: 5 Click Save to write the contents of the report to a plain text (.txt) file. Exporting the Symbol List Step 1 2 3 Action Either click the Export button or right-click anywhere in the list of symbols and choose Export symbols You are prompted to save changes. The Export Symbols window is displayed. Browse and select the File path and File name of the Comma Separated Values (CSV) file to be created. Optionally, click Export options and configure formatting options for the exported values: 4 Click Export. Result: A CSV file is created with the specified formatting options. 164 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Sharing Symbols Between an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Project and an Vijeo-Designer Project Before sharing the symbols with a Vijeo-Designer project, verify that all symbols that you want to share are defined in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. If not, create/open a project in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, define the symbol names, and save the project. You can create default Vijeo-Designer symbols for all memory objects in the project, refer to Creating Default Symbols (see page 162). Follow these steps to share EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic symbols with a Vijeo-Designer project: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Action Start Vijeo-Designer. Create/open a project in Vijeo-Designer. Click the Project tab in the Navigator window, right-click IO Manager and select New Driver. Insert. Result: The New Driver window opens. Select a driver from the Driver list, select an equipment from the Equipment list, and click OK. For example: Driver: Modbus TCP/IP Equipment: Modbus Equipment Result: The Equipment Configuration window opens. Enter the details for each parameter and click OK. For example, IP Address, Unit ID, IP Protocol, and so on. Result: A new driver is created to open the communication with the controller. The selected driver and the selected equipment appear under the IO Manager node in the Project tab of the Navigator window. In the Vijeo-Designer menu bar, click Variable Link Variables. Result: The Link Variable window opens. Select the Files of type filter to Ecostruxure Machine Expert - Basic project files (*.SMBP) and select the Equipment filter to the driver that you have created for communication. Select the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project in which you have defined the symbols and click Open. Result: All the symbols are automatically extracted from the project and linked to the driver that you have created. Select the variables that you want to use and add them to your HMI application. Result: All the variables with same names as symbols are added in the list of available variables. The variable list appears under the Variables node in the Project tab of the Navigator window. EIO0000003281 02/2020 165 Programming NOTE: If you have already shared the symbols with a Vijeo-Designer project before and if you change the existing symbols and/or add new symbols to your project in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, you must update the symbols in the Vijeo-Designer project. To update the symbols in a Vijeo-Designer project, first define new symbols and/or modify the existing symbols, save the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project, and open the VijeoDesigner project and follow these steps: Step 1 2 Action In the Project tab of the Navigator window, right-click Variables and select Update Link. Result: The equipment driver and the existing symbols are updated. Right-click Variables again, select New Variables from Equipment and select the new variables that you have created in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. Result: The new variables from the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project are added in the list of variables. These variables appear under the Variables node in the Project tab of the Navigator window. 166 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Memory Consumption View Overview You can display information about the controller memory used by the application, program, and associated user data. Displaying the Memory Consumption View The program must first compile with no errors detected to use this feature. Refer to the Messages window (see page 140) for the current program status. To open the Memory consumption view, follow this procedure: Step 1 2 Action Select the Tools tab in the left-hand area of the Programming window. Click Memory Consumption. The Memory Consumption window is displayed. Description of the Memory Consumption View NOTE: This view is available only if there is a valid compilation. The following tables describe the fields of the Memory consumption view: Field Last Compilation Description The date and time on which the program was last compiled. NOTE: This value is updated whenever: the Compile button on the toolbar is clicked a login to a controller is initiated a program upload is started a program modification is sent to the controller in online mode the simulator is launched EIO0000003281 02/2020 167 Programming Program lines Field Description Used The number of lines of code being used by the program. Remaining The maximum number of lines available for the program minus the number of lines being used. NOTE: There is no direct link between the number of program lines used and the total number of lines of IL code in rungs in the Programming tab. For example, 2 lines of IL code could generate 6 program lines. Cache memory Field Periodic and Event tasks Reserved for system Memory remaining Description The amount of cache memory occupied by periodic and event tasks, in bytes. The amount of cache memory reserved for system use, in bytes. The amount of cache memory available to the program, in bytes. RAM memory Field Master task and subroutines Configuration Memory objects Display Memory remaining Description The amount of RAM memory occupied by the program master task and all subroutines, in bytes. The amount of RAM memory used to contain the hardware configuration of the logic controller and expansion modules, in bytes. The amount of RAM memory occupied by memory objects (memory bits, memory words, and constant words) used by the application, in bytes. The size of the Remote Graphic Display application, in bytes. Zero if the logic controller does not support the Remote Graphic Display. The amount of RAM memory available to the program, in bytes. Non program data Field Used Remaining Description The amount of memory occupied by project properties, symbols, comments, and animation tables. The amount of memory available for non program data. 168 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Ladder Language Programming Section 5.12 Ladder Language Programming What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Topic Introduction to Ladder Diagrams Programming Principles for Ladder Diagrams Color Coding of Rungs Ladder Diagram Graphic Elements Comparison Blocks Operation Blocks Adding Comments Programming Best Practices Programming Page 170 172 174 176 183 184 188 189 EIO0000003281 02/2020 169 Programming Introduction to Ladder Diagrams Introduction Ladder Diagrams are similar to relay logic diagrams that represent relay control circuits. The main differences between the 2 are the following features of Ladder Diagram programming that are not found in relay logic diagrams: All inputs and binary logic bits are represented by contact symbols ( ). All outputs and binary logic bits are represented by coil symbols ( ). Numerical operations are included in the graphical Ladder instruction set. Ladder Diagram Equivalents to Relay Circuits The following illustration shows a simplified wiring diagram of a relay logic circuit: The equivalent Ladder diagram: In the above illustration, all inputs associated with a switching device in the relay logic diagram are shown as contacts in the Ladder Diagram. The M1 output coil in the relay logic diagram is represented with an output coil symbol in the Ladder Diagram. The address numbers appearing above each contact/coil symbol in the Ladder Diagram are references to the locations of the external input/output connections to the logic controller. 170 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Ladder Diagram Rungs A program written in Ladder Diagram language is composed of rungs which are sets of graphical instructions drawn between 2 vertical potential bars. The rungs are executed sequentially by the logic controller. The set of graphical instructions represents the following functions: Inputs/outputs of the controller (push buttons, sensors, relays, pilot lights, and so on) Functions of the controller (timers, counters, and so on) Math and logic operations (addition, division, AND, XOR, and so on) Comparison operators and other numerical operations (ALD LD>IL - + Display/hide comments T DEC/HEX 1 - New POU Comment Zoom slider Description Switch from displaying all rungs in IL to Ladder. Switch from displaying all rungs in Ladder to IL. Delete one column from the Ladder grid. The button is deactivated when the minimum number of columns (11) is reached. Add one column to the Ladder grid. The button is deactivated when the maximum number of columns (30) is reached. Click to display or hide comments in the rungs. If T is released, the comments display on two lines. Click to display or hide the symbols in the rungs. If Display/hide comments is released, the symbols are displayed on two lines. Only displayed in online mode. Click to display alternately numerical values in the rungs in decimal or hexadecimal format. Double-click to edit the default POU name that appears in the Tools Master Task area of the screen. Double-click to type text to associate a comment with this POU. Zoom or unzoom the Ladder Editor. You can zoom or unzoom by using the shortcut Ctrl + mouse wheel. The position of the zoom remains even if you navigate through the project. EIO0000003281 02/2020 173 Programming Color Coding of Rungs Offine Mode The selected rungs are displayed in a darker green background: 174 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Online Mode When in online mode: Unchanged rungs appear with a green background. Rungs added or modified while in online mode appear with an orange background: Programming Rungs with no modifiable elements are locked and appear with a gray foreground: EIO0000003281 02/2020 175 Programming Ladder Diagram Graphic Elements Introduction Instructions in Ladder Diagrams are inserted by dragging and dropping graphic elements from the toolbar that appears above the programming workspace into a grid cell. Inserting a Graphic Element To insert a graphic element in a rung: Step 1 2 3 Action Click the graphic element on the toolbar to insert. If the graphic element is a menu, the graphic items in the menu appear; click the menu item to insert. Move the mouse to the position in the rung to insert the graphic element and click. Note: Some elements have to be inserted in the test or action zones of the rung; refer to the description of individual graphic elements for details. If necessary, click the [Selection mode] graphic element selection. on the toolbar to reset the Rungs Use the following graphic elements to manage the rungs in a program: Graphic Element Name Create a rung (see page 93) Function Inserts a new empty rung below the last rung in the program workspace. Insert a rung (see page 94) Inserts a new empty rung immediately above the currently selected rung. Delete the rung (see page 95) Removes the currently selected rung from the program. If the rung is not empty, you are asked to confirm that you want to delete the contents of the rung. 176 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Branching Modes Use the following graphic elements to manage the branch in Ladder diagram: Graphic Element Name Normal mode Branching mode Function Lets you place the programming elements (for example, contacts, coils, and so on, except the function blocks) inline with the wire line. Lets you place the programming elements (for example, contacts, coils, and so on, except the function blocks) in branch with the wire line. Selections and Lines Use the following graphic elements to select graphic elements and draw lines: Graphic Element Name Selection mode Function Selection mode. Draw line Draws a wire line between 2 graphic elements. Erase line Erases a wire line. Contacts Use the following graphic elements to insert contacts (one row high by one column wide). Graphic Element Name Normally open contact Instruction List LD Function Passing contact when the controlling bit object is at state 1. Normally closed LDN contact Contact for detecting a LDR rising edge Passing contact when the controlling bit object is at state 0. Rising edge: detecting the change from 0 to 1 of the controlling bit object. Contact for detecting a LDF falling edge Falling edge: detecting the change from 1 to 0 of the controlling bit object. EIO0000003281 02/2020 177 Programming Comparison Block Comparison blocks are placed in the test zone of the programming grid. The block may appear in any row or column in the test zone as long as the entire length of the instruction resides in the test zone. The graphic element for comparison blocks takes up 2 cells (1 row high by 2 columns wide). Graphic Element Name Comparison block Instruction List Any valid comparison expression Function Use the Comparison block graphical symbol to insert Instruction List comparison expressions (see page 183) into Ladder Diagram rungs. A comparison expression compares 2 operands; the output changes to 1 when the result is checked. Boolean Operations The graphic element for boolean operations takes up 1 cell (1 row high by 1 column wide). Graphic Element Name XOR instructions Operator Function XOR, XORN, XORR, XORF The XOR instruction performs an exclusive OR operation between the operand and the Boolean result of the preceding instruction. The XORN instruction performs an exclusive OR operation between the inverse of the operand and the Boolean result of the preceding instruction. The XORR instruction performs an exclusive OR operation between the rising edge of the operand and the Boolean result of the preceding instruction. The XORF instruction performs an exclusive OR operation between the falling edge of the operand and the Boolean result of the preceding instruction. 178 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Functions Function blocks always appear in the first row of the Ladder Diagram programming grid; no Ladder instructions or lines of continuity may appear above or below the function block. Ladder test instructions lead to the left side of the function block, and test instructions and action instructions lead from the right side of the function. The graphic elements of function blocks can only be placed in the test zone and require 2, 3, or 4 rows by 2 columns of cells. Graphic Element Name Function Timers, counters, registers, and so on. Each of the function blocks uses inputs and outputs that enable links to the other graphic elements. NOTE: Outputs of function blocks cannot be connected to each other (vertical shorts). Coils The coil graphic elements can only be placed in the action zone and take up 1 cell (1 row high and 1 column wide). Graphic Element Name Direct coil Operator Function ST The associated bit object takes the value of the test zone result. Inverse coil STN The associated bit object takes the negated value of the test zone result. Set coil S The associated bit object is set to 1 when the result of the test zone is 1. Reset coil R The associated bit object is set to 0 when the result of the test zone is 1. EIO0000003281 02/2020 179 Programming Grafcet (List) Instructions Use the following graphic elements to manage the branch in Ladder diagram: Graphic Element Name Operator Function Grafcet step activation/ # Current step deactivation Deactivates the current step and optionally activates another step in the Grafcet program. Grafcet step deactivation #D Deactivates a step in the Grafcet program in addition to deactivating the current step. Operation Blocks The operation block element placed in the action zone and occupy 2 columns by 1 row: Graphic Element Name Operation block Operator Function Any valid operator or assignment instruction Use the Operation block graphical symbol to insert Instruction List operations and assignment instructions (see page 184) into Ladder Diagram rungs. Other Ladder Items The Other Ladder Items menu groups together miscellaneous instructions. The OPEN and SHORT instructions provide a convenient method for debugging and troubleshooting Ladder programs. These special instructions alter the logic of a rung by either shorting or opening the continuity of a rung as explained in the following table. The END/JUMP graphic elements are placed in the action zone and take up 1 cell (1 row high and 1 column wide). Graphic Element Name Rising edge Operator Function RISING n (1) Evaluates the rising edge of the expression. Falling edge FALLING n (1) Evaluates the falling edge of the expression. Logical NOT N Passes the inverse value of its operand. (1) n is an integer incremented each time a rising or falling edge is inserted. 180 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Graphic Element Name OPEN Operator LD 0 AND 0 SHORT LD 1 OR 1 Stop program END Function At the beginning of the rung. Within a rung: Creates a break in the continuity of a Ladder rung regardless of the results of the last logical operation. At the beginning of the rung. Within a rung: Allows the continuity to pass through the rung regardless of the results of the last logical operation. Defines the end of the program. Conditional stop program Jump or subroutine call ENDCN JMP Conditional jump JMPCN or subroutine call Conditional elements Loop elements IF ELSE ENDIF FOR ENDFOR Defines a conditional end of the program. Connect to an upstream or downstream labeled rung. NOTE: When programming in IL, connection is to an upstream or downstream labeled instruction. Conditional connect to an upstream or downstream labeled rung. NOTE: When programming in IL, connection is to an upstream or downstream labeled instruction. Conditionally executes a group of statements, depending on the value of an expression. Repeats a group of statements. (1) n is an integer incremented each time a rising or falling edge is inserted. EIO0000003281 02/2020 181 Programming Contacts and Coils Once inserted in a cell, additional information is displayed about the object associated with contacts and coils: Legend 1 2 3 4 5 Item User comment Symbol Address Graphic element Real-time value Description Click to add a comment (see page 188). Click to type the name of a symbol (see page 71) to associate with the object contained in the cell. Click to type the address of the object contained in the cell. The graphic element. When in online mode (connected to a logic controller and program running), displays the real-time value of the object in the cell. 182 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Comparison Blocks Inserting IL Comparison Expressions in Ladder Diagrams You can use the Comparison Block graphical symbol to insert Instruction List comparison expressions into Ladder Diagram rungs: The operands must be of the same object types: words with words, float with float, etc. Proceed as follows: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Click the Comparison Block button on the toolbar. Click anywhere in the rung to insert the Comparison Block. Double-click the Comparison expression line. Type a valid Instruction List comparison operation and press ENTER. You can modify the expression in online mode. Refer to Online Modifications (see page 237). NOTE: If the application is configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 6.0: You can use up to five operands and three level of parentheses in a comparison block. A minimum of 20 memory words (%MW) must be available to use multiple operands in the master task. If using multiple operands in a periodic task as well, an additional 20 memory words must be available. NOTE: Multiple operand expressions cannot be used in event tasks. Getting Help with Syntax If the syntax of the Instruction List comparison operation is incorrect, the border of the Comparison expression box turns red. For assistance, either: Move the mouse over the Comparison expression line, or Select Tools Program Messages. EIO0000003281 02/2020 183 Programming Operation Blocks Inserting IL Operations and Assignment Instructions in Ladder Diagrams You can use the Operation Block graphical symbol to insert Instruction List operations and assignment instructions into Ladder Diagram rungs: Operation block at the end of a rung. Operation block anywhere in a rung. The Operation Block graphical symbol can be inserted in any position in a Ladder Diagram rung except the first column, as it cannot be used as the first contact in a rung. If more than one Operation Block graphical symbol is used in a Ladder Diagram rung, they must be placed in series. Operation Block instructions cannot be used in parallel. NOTE: If the application is configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 5.0: You can use up to five operands and three levels of parentheses in a operation block. The operands must be of the same object types: words with words, float with float, etc. A minimum of 20 memory words (%MW) must be available to use multiple operands in the master task. If using multiple operands in a periodic task as well, an additional 20 memory words must be available. To insert an operation block graphical symbol in a Ladder Diagram rung: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Click the Operation Block button on the toolbar. Click anywhere the rung to insert the Operation Block. Click the Selection mode button on the toolbar. Double-click the operation expression line. The Smart Coding (see page 185) button appears at the end of the line. Click this button for help selecting a function and with the syntax of the instruction. 5 Type a valid Instruction List operation or assignment instruction and press ENTER. For example: %MF10 := ((SIN( %MF12 + 60.0 ) + COS( %MF13 )) + %MF10 ) + 1.2 You can modify the expression in online mode. Refer to Online Modifications (see page 237). NOTE: Multiple operand expressions cannot be used in event tasks. 184 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming OPER Instruction Syntax The OPER instruction corresponds to an operation block placed anywhere in a rung. The equivalent OPER instruction can be used directly in Instruction List rungs. OPER [ expression ] where expression is any valid expression, containing up to five operands and three levels of parentheses. For example: OPER [ %MF10 := ((SIN( %MF12 + 60.0 ) + COS( %MF13 )) + %MF10 ) + 1.2] Smart Coding Tooltips in Ladder Diagrams To help you selecting functions, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic displays tooltips while you type function names in operation blocks. Two types of tooltip are available: A list of function names, dynamically updated with the function names that begin with the typed characters. For example, typing "AS" displays ASCII_TO_FLOAT, ASCII_TO_INT, and ASIN. Help with the syntax of a function, displayed when you type an opening parenthesis. For example, typing "ABS(" displays: EIO0000003281 02/2020 185 Programming Using the Smart Coding Assistant The Smart Coding Assistant appears when you click the Smart Coding button expression line: in the operation Proceed as follows: Step 1 2 3 Action Optionally, filter the list by category of function: All types ASCII Floating point I/O objects Floating Point Numerical Processing Table PID User-defined function Select a function to add to the expression. Click Insert Function. 186 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Getting Help with Syntax If the syntax of the Instruction List operation or assignment instruction is incorrect, the border of the operation expression box turns red. For assistance, either: Move the mouse over the operation expression line, or Select Tools Program Messages. EIO0000003281 02/2020 187 Programming Adding Comments To Add Comments to Ladder Diagrams To add comments to a Ladder Diagram program, follow these steps: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Insert a graphic element into the rung. If necessary, click the selection pointer or press Esc. Double-click the Comment line at the top of the graphic element. Type the comment for the graphic element and press ENTER. Example of Ladder Diagram Comments This illustration shows an example of comments in a rung of a Ladder Diagram: 188 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Programming Best Practices Handling Program Jumps Use program jumps with care to avoid long loops that can increase scan time. Avoid jumps to instructions that are located upstream. NOTE: An upstream instruction line appears before a jump in a program. A downstream instruction line appears after a jump in a program. Programming of Outputs Physical outputs, as well as logical bits, should only be modified once in the program. In the case of physical outputs, only the last value scanned is taken into account when they are updated. Using Directly-Wired Emergency Stop Sensors Sensors used directly for emergency stops must not be processed by the logic controller. They must be connected directly to the corresponding outputs and applied in conformity with local, national and/or international regulations. Handling Power Returns After a power outage, make power returns conditional on a manual operation. An automatic restart of the installation could cause unintended operation of equipment (use system bits %S0, %S1, and %S49). Other system bits and system words may also help manage restarts after power outages. Refer to System Bits (%S) and System Words (%SW) (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Do not use the equipment configured and programmed by this software in safety-critical machine functions, unless the equipment and software are otherwise designated as functional safety equipment and conforming to applicable regulations and standards. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. Time and Schedule Block Management The state of system bit %S51, which indicates any detected RTC errors, should be verified. Syntax Validation As you are programming, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic validates the syntax of the instructions, the operands, and their associations. EIO0000003281 02/2020 189 Programming Additional Notes on Using Parentheses Do not place assignment instructions within parentheses: The equivalent Ladder Diagram produces a short circuit error: In order to perform the same function, program the instructions in the following manner: 190 EIO0000003281 02/2020 The equivalent Ladder Diagram: Programming If several contacts are in parallel, nest them within each other: Alternatively, completely separate the contacts as follows: EIO0000003281 02/2020 191 Programming Instruction List Programming Section 5.13 Instruction List Programming What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Overview of Instruction List Programs Operation of List Instructions List Language Instructions Using Parentheses Topic Page 193 196 197 201 192 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Overview of Instruction List Programs Introduction A program written in Instruction List language consists of a series of instructions that are executed sequentially by the logic controller. Each instruction is represented by a single program line and consists of the following components: Line number Current value (in online mode only) Instruction operator Operand(s) Optional comment Example of an Instruction List Program The following is an example of an Instruction List program. Line Numbers Four-digit line numbers are generated when you create a new program line and managed automatically by EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. Current Values WhenEcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is in online mode (see page 31) (connected to a logic controller and the program is running), EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic displays the current value of object types in the IL editor window. The displayed values of these objects are updated. EIO0000003281 02/2020 193 Programming Instruction Operators The instruction operator is a mnemonic symbol, called an operator, that identifies the operation to be performed using the operands. Typical operators specify Boolean and numerical operations. For example, in the sample program above, LD is the mnemonic for the LOAD operator. The LOAD instruction places (loads) the value of the operand %M1 into an internal register called the boolean accumulator. There are basically 2 types of operators: Test operators These set up or test for the conditions necessary to perform an action. For example, LOAD (LD) and AND. Action operators These perform actions as a result of preceding logic. For example, assignment operators such as STORE (ST) and RESET (R). Operators, together with operands, form instructions. Operands An operand is an object, address, or symbol representing a value that a program can manipulate in an instruction. For example, in the sample program above, the operand %M1 is an address assigned the value of an embedded input of the logic controller. An instruction can have from 0 to 3 operands depending on the type of instruction operator. Operands can represent the following: Controller inputs and outputs such as sensors, push buttons, and relays. Predefined system functions such as timers and counters. Arithmetic, logical, comparison, and numerical operations. Controller internal variables such as system bits and words. Comments To add comments to an Instruction List program Step 1 2 3 4 Action Optionally, click the comment box that appears at the top of the rung above the first line 0000 and type a comment for the rung. Insert an instruction line. Click in the Comment area to the right of the instruction. Type the comment and press Enter. 194 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Customizing the Ladder/IL Editor Programming Use the following objects at the top of the IL editor to customize the content of the editor: Object IL>LD LD>IL - + Display/hide comments T DEC/HEX 1 - New POU Comment Zoom slider Description Switch from displaying all rungs in IL to Ladder. Switch from displaying all rungs in Ladder to IL. Delete one column from IL grid. The button is deactivated when the minimum number of columns (11) is reached. Add one column to IL grid. The button is deactivated when the maximum number of columns (30) is reached. Click to display or hide comments in the rungs. Click to alternately display objects in address mode or symbol mode. Only active in online mode. Click to alternately display numerical values in the rungs in decimal or hexadecimal format. Double-click to edit the default POU name that appears in the Tools Master Task area of the screen. Double-click to type text to associate a comment with this POU. Zoom or unzoom the Ladder Editor. You can zoom or unzoom by using the shortcut Ctrl + mouse wheel. The position of the zoom remains even if you navigate through the project. EIO0000003281 02/2020 195 Programming Operation of List Instructions Introduction Instruction List binary instructions normally have only one explicit operand; the other operand is implied. The implied operand is the value in the Boolean accumulator. For example, in the instruction LD %I0.1, %I0.1 is the explicit operand. An implicit operand is loaded in the accumulator and the previous value of the accumulator is overwritten by the value of %I0.1. This value now becomes the implicit value for the subsequent instruction. Operation An Instruction List instruction performs a specified operation on the contents of the accumulator and the explicit operand, and replaces the contents of the accumulator with the result. For example, the operation AND %I1.2 performs a logical AND between the contents of the accumulator and the input 1.2 and will replace the contents of the accumulator with this result. All Boolean instructions, except for Load, Store, and Not, operate on 2 operands. The value of the 2 operands can be either True or False, and program execution of the instructions produces a single value: either True or False. Load instructions place the value of the operand in the accumulator while Store instructions transfer the value in the accumulator to the operand. The Not instruction has no explicit operands and simply inverts the state of the accumulator. Supported List Instructions This table shows a selection of instructions in Instruction List language: Type of Instruction Boolean instruction Example LD %M10 Block instruction Word instruction Program instruction IN %TM0 [%MW10 := %MW50+100] SR5 Function Loads the value of internal bit %M10 into the accumulator Starts the timer %TM0 Addition operation Calls subroutine #5 196 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming List Language Instructions Introduction The Instruction List language consists of the following types of instructions or block of instructions: Test Instructions Action instructions Function blocks This section identifies and describes the instructions for List programming. Test Instructions This table describes test instructions in List language. Mnemonic Name LD Load Equivalent Graphic Element Function Loads the boolean value of the operand into the accumulator. LDN Load Not Loads the negated boolean value of the operand into the accumulator. LDR Load Rising LDF Load Falling AND And ANDN And Not Loads the boolean value of the operand into the accumulator when the value changes from 0 to 1 (rising edge). The value of the accumulator thereafter will be loaded with 0 until the next transition of the operand from 0 to 1. Loads the boolean value of the operand into the accumulator when the value changes from 1 to 0 (falling edge). The value of the accumulator thereafter will be loaded with 1 until the next transition of the operand from 1 to 0. The Boolean result is equal to the AND logic between the Boolean result of the previous instruction (which is stored in the accumulator) and the status of the operand. The result of the instruction is then itself implicitly loaded into the accumulator overwriting the previous value. The Boolean result is equal to the AND logic between the Boolean result of the previous instruction (which is stored in the accumulator) and the inverse (negated) status of the operand. The result of the instruction is then itself implicitly loaded into the accumulator overwriting the previous value. EIO0000003281 02/2020 197 Programming Mnemonic Name ANDR And Rising ANDF And Falling OR Or AND( And With OR( Or With XOR XORN XORR XORF Ex Or Ex Or Not Ex Or Rising Ex Or Falling Equivalent Graphic Element Function The Boolean result is equal to the AND logic between the Boolean result of the previous instruction and the detection of the operand's rising edge (1 = rising edge). The result of the instruction is then itself implicitly loaded into the accumulator overwriting the previous value. The Boolean result is equal to the AND logic between the Boolean result of the previous instruction and the detection of the operand's falling edge (1 = falling edge). The result of the instruction is then itself implicitly loaded into the accumulator overwriting the previous value. The Boolean result is equal to the OR logic between the Boolean result of the previous instruction and the status of the operand (which is stored in the accumulator). Logic AND (Maximum 32 levels of parentheses). The parentheses specify an intermediate logical result of the instructions between them, and then that result is logically AND'd with the value in the accumulator. Logic OR (Maximum 32 levels of parentheses). The parentheses specify an intermediate logical result of the instructions between them, and then that result is logically OR'd with the value in the accumulator. Exclusive OR 198 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Mnemonic MPS MRD MPP Name Memory Push Store Memory ReaD Memory PoP Equivalent Graphic Element Function Branch operators for output actions. N Not Inverts the value of the operand. Action Instructions This table describes action instructions in List language. Mnemonic Name ST Store Equivalent Graphic Element Function The associated operand takes the value of the test zone result. STN Store Not The associated operand takes the reverse value of the test zone result. S Set The associated operand is set to 1 when the result of the test zone is 1. R Reset The associated operand is set to 0 when the result of the test zone is 1. JMP SRn END Jump Subroutine End Connect unconditionally to a labeled sequence, upstream, or downstream. Connection at the beginning of a subroutine (subroutine call). End of program. ENDCN End Conditional Conditionally ends the program at a Boolean result of 0. EIO0000003281 02/2020 199 Programming Function Blocks This table describes function blocks in List language. Name Timers, counters, registers, and so on. Equivalent Graphic Element Function For each of the function blocks, there are instructions for controlling the block. A structured form is used to connect the block inputs and outputs. Note: Outputs of function blocks cannot be connected to each other (vertical shorts). For more information, refer to Sotfware Objects (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). 200 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Using Parentheses Introduction With AND and OR logical operators, parentheses are used to nest logical instructions. In so doing, they specify divergences (branches) in the Ladder editor. Parentheses are associated with instructions as follows: Opening the parentheses is associated with the AND or OR operator. Closing the parentheses is an instruction (an operator with no operand) which is required for each open parenthesis. Example Using an AND Instruction The following examples show how to use parentheses with an AND instruction: Rung 0 1 Instruction LD %I0.0 AND %I0.1 OR %I0.2 ST %Q0.0 LD %I0.0 AND( %I0.1 OR %I0.2 ) ST %Q0.1 NOTE: Refer to the reversibility procedure (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) to obtain the equivalent Ladder Diagram. Example Using an OR Instruction The following example shows how to use parentheses with an OR instruction: Rung 0 Instruction LD %I0.0 AND %I0.1 OR( %I0.2 AND %I0.3 ) ST %Q0.0 NOTE: Refer to the reversibility procedure (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) to obtain the equivalent Ladder Diagram. EIO0000003281 02/2020 201 Programming Modifiers This table lists modifiers that can be assigned to parentheses. Modifier N F R [ Function Negation Falling edge Rising edge Comparison Example AND(N or OR(N AND(F or OR(F AND(R or OR(R See Comparison Instructions. NOTE: The '[' modifier can also be used in conjunction with other instructions serving as an operator. For more uses of the '[' in other instructions, refer to the Introduction to Numerical Operations. Nesting Parenthesis It is possible to nest up to 32 levels of parentheses. Observe the following rules when nesting parentheses: Each open parenthesis must have a corresponding closed parenthesis. Labels (%Li:), subroutines (SRi:), JMP instructions (JMP), and function block instructions must not be placed in expressions between parentheses. Store instructions (ST, STN, S, and R) must not be programmed between parentheses. Stack instructions (MPS, MRD, and MPP) cannot be used between parentheses. 202 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Examples of Nesting Parentheses The following examples show how to nest parentheses: Rung 0 1 Instruction LD AND( OR(N AND ) ) ST %I0.0 %I0.1 %I0.2 %M3 %Q0.0 LD %I0.1 AND( %I0.2 OR( %I0.5 AND %I0.6 ) AND %I0.4 OR( %I0.7 AND %I0.8 ) ) ST %Q0.0 NOTE: Refer to the reversibility procedure (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) to obtain the equivalent Ladder Diagram. EIO0000003281 02/2020 203 Programming Grafcet (List) Programming Section 5.14 Grafcet (List) Programming What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Topic Description of Grafcet (List) Programming Grafcet (List) Program Structure How to Use Grafcet (List) Instructions in an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Program Page 205 206 210 204 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Description of Grafcet (List) Programming Introduction Grafcet (List) programming in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic offer a simple method of translating a control sequence in to steps. You can translate control sequences in to Grafcet steps and then use these steps in a program using Grafcet instructions. The maximum number of Grafcet steps depend on the controller. The number of steps active at any one time is limited only by the total number of steps. Grafcet Instructions An EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Grafcet program has the following instructions: Operator Operand =*= x IL Instruction Instruction Name =*= x INITIAL STEP Graphic Equivalent Description This instruction defines the intial step in the program. =*= POST Not applicable =*= POST -*- x -*- x POST PROCESSING (implicit operand) STEP # Not # applicable # x #x #D x #D x S x Sx DEACTIVATE CURRENT STEP (implicit operand) DEACTIVATE CURRENT STEP and ACTIVATE STEP x DEACTIVATE CURRENT STEP and STEP x ACTIVATE STEP x R x Rx DEACTIVATE STEP x x Grafcet step number (an integer starting from 1). This instruction defnes the postprocessing and end sequential processing. This instruction defines a step in the program for transition validation. This instruction deactivates the current step in the program. This instruction deactivates the current step and activates step x in the program. This instruction deactivates the current step and step x in the program. This instruction activates step x in the program. The action has no affect on any other active steps. This instruction deactivates step x in the program. The action has no affect on any other active steps. EIO0000003281 02/2020 205 Programming Grafcet (List) Program Structure Introduction An EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Grafcet (List) program has the following parts: Preprocessing Sequential processing Post-Processing Preprocessing Preprocessing consists of the following: Power returns Error management Changes of operating mode Pre-positioning Grafcet steps Input logic In this example, the system bit %S21 is set to 1 with the rising edge of input %I0.6 (Rung1). This disables the active steps and enables the initial steps: Preprocessing begins with the first line of the program and ends with the first occurrence of a =*= or -*- instruction. 206 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming System bits %S21, %S22, and %S23 are dedicated to Grafcet control. Each of these system bits is set to 1 (if needed) by the application, normally in preprocessing. The associated function is performed by the system at the end of preprocessing and the system bit is then reset to 0 by the system. System Bit %S21 %S22 %S23 Name Grafcet initialization Grafcet re-initialization Grafcet pre-positioning Description All active steps are deactivated and the initial steps are activated. All steps are deactivated. This bit must be set to 1 if %Xi objects are explicitly written by the application in preprocessing. If this bit is maintained to 1 by the preprocessing without any explicit change of the %Xi objects, Grafcet is frozen (no updates are taken into account). EIO0000003281 02/2020 207 Programming Sequential Processing Sequential processing takes place in the chart (instructions representing the chart): Steps Actions associated with steps Transitions Transition conditions Example: Sequential processing ends with the execution of the POST instruction or with the end of the program. 208 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Post-Processing Post-processing consists of the following: Commands from the sequential processing for controlling the outputs Interlocks specific to the outputs Example: Programming EIO0000003281 02/2020 209 Programming How to Use Grafcet (List) Instructions in an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Program NOTE: Grafcet (List) instructions can only be used in the master task of a program. Creating Grafcet (List) Steps in Ladder Follow these steps to create Grafcet steps in a program: Step 1 Action In a POU, select a rung and click the drop-down button below the rung sequence identifier Rungx, where x is the rung number in a POU. Result: A menu appears listing the available Grafcet (List) instructions. 2 Click an instruction in the list to define the rung as an initial step, post processing, or a step of the Grafcet (List) program. Result: The rung is set for a Grafcet instruction. The operator of the instruction appears on the button and the operand (step number) appears in suffix with the button. NOTE: The step number is incremented by 1 as you define the next STEP or INITIAL STEP instruction. You can define only one POST instruction in a program; therefore the POST instruction does not have any step number. To modify the step number, double-click the step number in a rung and enter the new number and then press ENTER. 210 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Activating or Deactivating Grafcet (List) Steps in Ladder Follow these steps to activate or deactivate Grafcet (List) steps in a program: Step 1 2 3 4 Action In a POU, select a rung in your program. Click (to deactivate the current step and optionally activate a specified step) or (to deactivate the current step and to deactivate the specified step) and insert this element in the action zone of the rung (refer to Inserting a Graphic Element (see page 176)). Alternatively, Press ALT+A to use ACTIVATE instruction or press ALT+D to use DEACTIVATE instruction in the rung. Result: The activate or deactivate ladder symbol appears in the action zone of the rung. Press ENTER to insert this element. In the program rung, double-click Address field on the Grafcet activate or deactivate symbol and enter the Grafcet bit address (%Xi, where i is the step number). For example, %X4 refers to the step 4 of the Grafcet program. If %X4 is the address for the deactivate symbol, step 4 will be deactivated when the output of the rung, in which this symbol is used, is true. NOTE: Current step is deactivated in every case. EIO0000003281 02/2020 211 Programming Grafcet (SFC) Programming Section 5.15 Grafcet (SFC) Programming What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Topic Introduction to Grafcet (SFC) Programming Using the Grafcet (SFC) Graphical Editor Branching Programming Best Practices Page 213 216 220 225 212 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Introduction to Grafcet (SFC) Programming Introduction Grafcet (SFC) is a graphical programming language that describes a chronological order of execution of discrete tasks, known as steps. The order in which steps are executed is determined by transitions connecting the steps. Elements of a Grafcet (SFC) POU A Grafcet (SFC) POU has the following components: Step: A step executes a set of actions defined in one of more rungs written in the Ladder/IL programming languages. Steps can be: Initial step: Executed at the beginning of the program or following a controller restart. It is represented by a cell with a double border. Regular step: Steps conditionally executed after the initial step completes execution. Transition: A boolean expression evaluated between steps. It is the link between two or more steps. The boolean expression is defined in a single transition rung written in the Ladder/IL programming languages. The following diagram is an example of a Grafcet (SFC) POU with an initial step, one regular step, and two transitions: 1 Initial step 2 Transition from step 1 to step 2 3 Regular step 4 Transition from step 2 back to step 1. An arrow is displayed on the link to indicate that the order of step execution is not the default left to right, top to bottom. EIO0000003281 02/2020 213 Programming Grafcet (SFC) POU Rules Grafcet POU can only be created in the master task of a program. Multiple Grafcet POUs can be created. Grafcet (SFC) Processing The following rules are applied by the logic controller when executing the Grafcet (SFC): The master task cycle starts. The POUs that precede the first Grafcet (SFC) step are executed in a sequential way. The first Grafcet (SFC) step launches the Grafcet monitor. When the Grafcet monitor ends, the first POU that follows the last Grafcet (SFC) step is called. Grafcet monitor behavior: 1. The logic controller processes the associated Grafcet (SFC) system bits %S21, %S22, and %S23. 2. The logic controller updates the activation states of each Grafcet (SFC) step. Steps marked to be deactivated are deactivated. Steps marked to be activated are activated. Steps marked to be activated and deactivated at the same time will be or will remain activated. Activation and deactivation lists are reset. 3. The logic controller scans the steps (loop from lowest defined step number to highest defined step number). When a scanned step is activated, the associated step code is called. 4. When a transition code activates or deactivates a step, this action is placed respectively in the activation or deactivation list for the next task cycle. 5. When the last active step code is executed, the Grafcet monitor ends. 214 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Multi-Token Behavior EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Grafcet POU is multi-token which does not conform to IEC 61131-3. The initial situation is controlled by the steps defined as initial steps. Multiple steps can be active at the same time in a Grafcet POU. The active signal status processes take place along the directional links, triggered by switching one or more transitions. The direction of the process follows the directional links and runs from the underside of the predecessor step to the top side of the successive step. A transition is evaluated if the steps immediately preceding it are active. Transitions are not evaluated if the steps immediately preceding them are not active. A transition is triggered when the associated transition conditions are satisfied. Triggering a transition marks as deactivated the immediately preceding steps that are linked to the transition, and marks as activated the immediately following steps. The real activation or deactivation of the steps is performed at the beginning of each master task cycle (see Grafcet monitor (see page 214)). If more than one transition condition in a row of sequential steps has been satisfied, then one step is processed per cycle. If a step is activated and deactivated at the same time, then the step will be or will remain activated. More than one branch can be active with alternative branches. The branches to be run are determined by the result of the transition conditions of the transitions that follow the alternative branch. Branch transitions are processed in parallel. The branches with satisfied transitions are triggered. Subroutine calls can be used in step actions. Bits Controlling Grafcet (SFC) Control bit %S21 %S22 %S23 %Xi Name Grafcet initialization Grafcet reset Preset and freeze Grafcet Grafcet steps Description If set to 1, the initial steps in the Grafcet POU are evaluated. If set to 1, the steps are deactivated and execution restarts. If set to 1, execution of the Grafcet POU stops until the bit is set to 0. Bits %X1 to %Xi are associated with Grafcet steps. Step bit %Xi is set to 1 when the corresponding step is active, and set to 0 when the step is deactivated. The bit is not writable when using Grafcet (SFC). Refer to the description of System Bits (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) for further details. EIO0000003281 02/2020 215 Programming Using the Grafcet (SFC) Graphical Editor Overview The Grafcet Graphical Editor is used for programming in Grafcet (SFC). To display the Grafcet Graphical Editor, select any n - Grafcet node in the tree view. The Grafcet Graphical Editor contains a grid of cells. Each cell contains one step, one transition, or both. The minimum size of a Grafcet POU is one step. The maximum number of Grafcet Step objects that the application can contain is: 96, if the Functional Level < 10.0 200, if the Functional Level >= 10.0 Detaching the Grafcet Graphical Editor You can detach the Grafcet Graphical Editor window from the main EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic window so that it can be moved and resized independently. This allows you, for example, to move it to a separate monitor and display Grafcet POUs at the same time as IL/Ladder POUs. To detach the window, click the window. button in the top right corner of the Grafcet Graphical Editor Drag the title bar of the window to move it. Close the window to revert to the normal view. Inserting Steps Double-click in any grid cell to add a step, or right-click in any grid cell and choose Add a step from the contextual menu that appears. You can see the Number of Grafcet steps used in the top right corner of the Grafcet Graphical Editor window. You can move a step by dragging and dropping in another grid cell. Changing a Step Type (Initial or Regular) The first step created in the Grafcet Graphical Editor is by default an initial step. A Grafcet POU must contain at least one initial step. More than one step can be defined as initial steps. To change the step type (initial/regular), right-click the step and choose Set/Unset as initial step. 216 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Copying and Pasting a Step Step 1 2 Action Right-click on the step to copy and choose Copy from the contextual menu that appears. Right-click in an empty grid cell and choose Paste. Result: A copy of the step appears. Copies of Ladder/IL rungs associated with the step are added below the corresponding Step subnode in the tree view. Creating Transitions Link steps together to define the order of execution of steps. To create a transition between two steps: Step 1 2 3 Action Move the mouse over the bottom of a step. Result: A green block appears Drag the mouse to the step you want to link to. Release the mouse button. Result: A link and transition appear. Editing Labels To edit the default labels of any step or transition. Step 1 2 Action Double-click the label of any Grafcet (SFC) step or transition. Type the new name for the step or transition element and press ENTER. For example, change the default Step_1 label to INIT. Programming Step Functionality The functionality of a step is defined in one or more IL/Ladder language rungs. To define the functionality of a step: Step 1 2 Action Either: Double-click a step in the Grafcet Graphical Editor. Select a Step node in the tree view, where n is the step number. Result: The Grafcet Graphical Editor is closed. Right-click on the selected Step node and choose Add rung from the contextual menu that appears. Result: Rungs appear as subnodes of the Step node in the tree view window. EIO0000003281 02/2020 217 Programming Step 3 4 Action Program the rung in the Ladder or IL programming language and create additional rungs if needed, as described in Ladder Language Programming (see page 169) or Instruction List Programming (see page 192). To display the Grafcet Graphical Editor again, either: Click the icon. Select the n - Grafcet POU node, where n is the number of the Grafcet POU. Programming Transition Functionality The functionality of a transition is defined in a single IL/Ladder language transition rung. To define the functionality of a transition rung: Step 1 2 Action Either: Double-click a transition in the Grafcet Graphical Editor. Select a Transitions Trn node in the tree view Result: The Grafcet Graphical Editor is closed and a Ladder language rung displayed. Program the rung in the Ladder or IL programming language, as described in Ladder Language Programming (see page 169) or Instruction List Programming (see page 192). Function blocks can be used in transition rungs, except those that have no outputs, for example, Shift Bit Register, Step Counter. When a function block is used, the END_BLK instruction must immediately follow the ENDT instruction, for example: NOTE: The rung ends with an ENDT (end transition) instruction. This instruction cannot be selected or modified and must be the last instruction in the rung (unless the rung contains a FB). 218 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Step 3 Action To display the Grafcet Graphical Editor again, either: Click the icon. Select the n - Grafcet POU node, where n is the number of the Grafcet POU. Undo/Redo You can use the Undo or Redo buttons on the toolbar for a maximum of 10 actions stored. Deleting a Step or Transition Step 1 Action In the Grafcet Graphical Editor: Select a step or transition and press the DELETE key. Right-click on the step or transition and choose Delete the selected items in the contextual menu. Result: The selected step or transition is deleted. NOTE: You cannot delete a step or transition from the tree view. EIO0000003281 02/2020 219 Programming Branching Introduction A Grafcet (SFC) POU can contain branches. Two types of branch exist: Parallel branching: two or more steps are processed simultaneously when the preceding transition is true. Alternative branching: one or more alternative steps are processed depending on the result of evaluating the preceding transition conditions (multi-token behavior). Parallel Branching A parallel branch allows a transition from a single step to multiple steps. A parallel branch must be preceded and followed by a step. Parallel branches can contain nested alternative branches or other parallel branches. 220 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming The following figure shows an example Grafcet POU with 4 steps before creation of parallel branching: To create a parallel branch for Steps 2 and 3: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Create a transition between Step 1 and Step 2: move the mouse to the bottom of Step 1, then drag to Step 2 and release the mouse button. A new link and transition appears. Draw a link between Step 3 and the transition: move the mouse to the top of Step 3, then drag to the transition and release the mouse button. Result: A horizontal double line appears below the existing transition (see the figure that follows). NOTE: To create a link between a transition and a step that is higher up in the POU, draw the link starting from the step and dragging to the transition. To rejoin the branch with the main processing branch, create a transition between Step 2 and Step 4. Draw a link between Step 3 and the new transition: move the mouse to the bottom of Step 3, then drag to the transition and release the mouse button. Result: A horizontal double line appears above the transition (see the figure that follows). EIO0000003281 02/2020 221 Programming The following figure shows a Grafcet POU after the creation of parallel branching: Notice that the horizontal lines before and after the branched areas are double lines. 222 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Alternative Branching An alternative branch must begin and end with a transition. Alternative branches can contain nested parallel branches or other alternative branches. With multi-token behavior, more than one parallel switch can be made from the transitions. The branches to be run are determined by the result of the transition conditions of the transitions that follow the alternative branch. The transitions of the branches are processed. The branches with satisfied transitions are triggered. If alternative branches need to be switched exclusively (mono-token behavior), then this must be defined explicitly within the transition code. The following figure shows an example Grafcet POU with 3 steps before creation of alternative branching for Step 3 and Step 4: EIO0000003281 02/2020 223 Programming To create an alternative branch: Step 1 2 3 Action Create a transition between Step 1 and Step 4. Result: A new link and transition appears. Draw a transition between Step 1 and Step 3: move the mouse to the bottom of Step 1, then drag to Step 3 and release the mouse button. Result: A new link and transition appears, with the branch above the existing transition (see the figure that follows). Draw a transition between Step 3 and Step 4. Result: A new link and transition appears, with the branch below the existing transition between Step 1 and Step 4 (see the figure that follows). The following figure shows the Grafcet POU after creation of alternative branching: Notice that the horizontal lines before and after the branched area are single lines. 224 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Best Practices Grafcet (SFC) Rules Steps must be connected by a transition: Programming You can add only one Grafcet POU in the same Grafcet Graphical Editor: EIO0000003281 02/2020 225 Programming Crossed Links You can have crossed links for the following reasons: Alternative (logical OR) branching (fork or junction) To save space on the cell grid. When lines cross there is no interaction between the lines and it is used only for symbolic representation. 226 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Debugging in Online Mode Section 5.16 Debugging in Online Mode What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Trace Window Modifying Values Forcing Values Online Mode Modifications Topic Programming Page 228 231 232 233 EIO0000003281 02/2020 227 Programming Trace Window Overview The Trace window allows you to display in graphical form the values of specific analog and/or digital variables (limited to 12 hours of continuous recording). Each animation table can contain 1 trace at any one time. Up to 8 objects can be added to a trace. You can export the data to a file for further analysis. NOTE: The minimum configurable refresh period for the trace is 1 second (see page 142). Therefore, changes in values of boolean variables between master task cycles, for example, cannot be traced. 228 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Trace Window Presentation Programming EIO0000003281 02/2020 229 Programming Select Elapsed time to set tracing start time to 00:00:00, or Controller time to use the time and date of the logic controller as the start time of the trace. The Trace window displays separate graphs for each data type selected for tracing in the animation table: Integer and real values appear in the Numerical trace area. All numerical values share the same scale on the graph. Select Auto scale for values to automatically adjust the vertical axis to display all values. Otherwise, type Maximum and Minimum values to display a fixed range of values. NOTE: You can type either integer or real values for Maximum and Minimum Binary values appear in the Logical trace area. Each binary value is traced on an individual scale of 0 and 1. Starting, Pausing, and Resetting the Trace Click Start to begin tracing the variables. Click Stop to pause real-time tracing. Click Reset to clear all previously traced data from graphs and reset the Recording duration value to 0. Exporting the Trace Click Export to export all traced data to a file on the PC. The data is saved in comma-separated value (CSV) format. 230 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Modifying Values Introduction When in online mode, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic allows you to modify the values of certain object types. Online updating is only possible if the object has read/write access. For example: The value of an analog input cannot be modified. The value of the Preset parameter (%TM0.P object) of a Timer function block can be updated. Refer to the description of objects in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Generic Functions Library Guide or the Programming Guide of your hardware platform for information on which object types have read/write access. To modify the value of an object, add it to an animation table (see page 144) and set its properties as required. EIO0000003281 02/2020 231 Programming Forcing Values Overview When in online mode, you can force the values of certain boolean object types to False (0) or True (1). This allows you to set addresses to specific values and prevent the program logic or an external system from changing the value. This function is used for the debugging and fine-tuning of programs. To force the values of boolean objects when in online mode, either: Use an animation table (see page 142) Modify boolean object values (see page 234) directly in the Ladder (LD) editor Digital inputs and outputs cannot be forced when: An input is used as a Run/Stop input Configured as fast counter (FC) inputs Configured as high speed counter (HSC) inputs Configured as reflex outputs NOTE: Forcing is performed at the end of the scan cycle. The image table of the outputs, however, may be modified due to the logic of your program, and may appear in animation tables and other data displays contrary to the forced state you selected. At the end of the scan, this will be corrected by acting upon the requested forced state and the physical output will indeed reflect that forced state. 232 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Online Mode Modifications Overview It is possible to modify program while in online mode by: Adding rungs (see page 233) Modifying rungs (see page 233) Modifying Boolean Values in Ladder (see page 234) Modifying Function Block Parameters (see page 236) Modifying Constant Words (see page 237) Modifying Object Values in Operation and Comparison Blocks (see page 237) Deleting rungs (see page 238) Sending Modifications (see page 238) Any changes made must then be sent to the logic controller (see page 238). Adding Rungs You can add new rungs (see page 93) to your program while in online mode. NOTE: The application must be configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 4.1 to be able to add new rungs in online mode. The following limitations apply until the new rung has been successfully sent to the logic controller: Rungs containing errors ( ) cannot be sent to the logic controller. Rungs must be written in Ladder language and cannot be converted to IL until they have been successfully compiled. Rungs cannot contain Grafcet (List) steps. Labels cannot be added to the rung. Modifying Rungs You can modify program rungs, in both the Instruction List (IL) and Ladder (LD) editors, while in online mode. However, the Grafcet (SFC) is not available online. Modified rungs appear with an orange background (see page 174). There are limits to the type of editing that you may perform and the instructions that you may edit, depending on whether the logic controller is in RUNNING or STOPPED state. These limits help protect the state of the controller and the integrity of the program. You can switch the display of a rung between Instruction List (IL) and Ladder (LD), even when in online mode. EIO0000003281 02/2020 233 Programming The following table indicates in which cases modifications are allowed: Operations In STOPPED in IL In RUNNING in IL In STOPPED in Ladder Event task content editable editable(1) editable Master / Periodic task content editable editable editable Free POU content editable editable(1) non-editable Rung with label editable editable(3) editable Rung with jump, or calling a subroutine or label editable editable editable Rung with any Grafcet instruction non-editable non-editable non-editable Add/modify label non-editable non-editable non-editable Multiple operands (operation and editable comparison blocks) editable editable User-defined function rejected rejected editable User-defined function block rejected rejected editable (1) Except the first line of the first rung (2) Except the first element of the first rung (3) Except the first line of the rung (4) Except the first element of the rung In RUNNING in Ladder editable(2) editable editable(2) editable(4) editable non-editable non-editable editable editable(2) editable(2) NOTE: This table does not take into account the program structure modifications, which are not allowed in online mode. Modifying Boolean Values in Ladder For rungs displayed in Ladder language, the values of certain boolean object types can be written to 1/0, forced to 1/0, or unforced. The following boolean object types can be modified: Object type Write 1/0 Digital input (%Ix.y) N/A Digital output (%Qx.y) Yes System bit (%Si )1 Yes Memory bit (%Mi) Yes Memory word bit (%MWi :Xj ) Yes (1) If the system bit or system word can be written by the user program. Force to 1/0 or Unforce Yes Yes N/A N/A N/A 234 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Object type Write 1/0 Analog output bit (%QWi :Xj ) Yes System word bit (%SWi :Xj)1 Yes Input assembly bit (%QWEi :Xj) Yes (1) If the system bit or system word can be written by the user program. Force to 1/0 or Unforce N/A N/A N/A Move the mouse cursor over the object in the Ladder editor. If the object can be both written to 1/0 and forced to 1/0, the following buttons appear below the graphical element: If the object can be written to 1/0 but not forced, the following buttons appear: If the object can be forced but not written to 1/0, the following buttons appear: Click a button to modify the real-time value of the object: 0. Write 0. 1. Write 1. F0. Force to 0. F1. Force to 1. The button corresponding to the present status of the object is shown in dark gray (F1 in the example above). To remove forcing, either: Click again on the F0/F1 button. Use an animation table (see page 142). EIO0000003281 02/2020 235 Programming NOTE: Forcing is performed at the end of the scan cycle. The image table of the outputs, however, may be modified due to the logic of your program, and may appear in animation tables and other data displays contrary to the forced state you selected. At the end of the scan, this will be corrected by acting upon the requested forced state and the physical output will indeed reflect that forced state. Modifying Function Block Parameter Values To modify a function block parameter in online mode: Step 1 Action In the Programming window, move the mouse cursor over the function block in the Ladder editor. Result: The Configuration tooltip appears. The following illustration shows an example of the Configuration tooltip: 2 Click the value to modify. 3 Type the value. 4 To validate the modifications, you can use one of the following methods: Click Apply. Click outside of the Configuration tooltip. Result: The Question window appears. Click OK. 236 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming Modifying Constant Words Configuration values and runtime data values of constant word (%KW), constant double word (%KD), and constant floating point (%KF) objects can be modified while in online mode. In the properties grid, the columns Decimal, Binary, Hexadecimal and ASCII are editable: To modify a constant word or floating point value in online mode: Step 1 2 3 4 Action In the Tools tab of the Programming window, choose Memory objects Constant words. Click %KW, %KD, or %KF to select the type of constant to modify. Modify the value as required. You can import the constant values. Refer to Importing the constant word properties (see page 151). Click Apply. Result: The modified value is sent to the logic controller. Modifying Object Values in Operation and Comparison Blocks Step 1 Action In the Programming window, move the mouse cursor over an operation or comparison block in the Ladder editor. Result: The online modification tooltip appears: 2 Click the object or the symbol to modify. 3 Enter the value. 4 To validate, you can use one of the following methods: Click . Press Enter. If a value is incorrect, the value remains unchanged. EIO0000003281 02/2020 237 Programming Deleting Rungs You can delete rungs from your program while in online mode. NOTE: The application must be configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 4.1 to delete rungs in online mode. The following limitations apply: The rung must be displayed in Ladder language. The rung cannot be the only rung in a POU or Free POU. This limitation does not apply to Grafcet POUs. The rung must not contain Grafcet (List) steps, be a subroutine rung, or contain any of the following instructions: JMP END ENDC ENDCN G7 Only one rung at a time can be deleted. Sending Modifications In IL, the modifications, when allowed, are automatically sent to the logic controller after validation of the edited IL line. If the modification is not allowed, a message appears. In Ladder, the modifications are not sent automatically. When in online mode, a button bar appears: Click Send to send the modifications to the logic controller. This button is only active when the program has been modified in online mode and contains no errors. Click Rollback to discard the changes made in online mode and restore the original rung (that is, the version stored in the logic controller). The background color of the rung changes from orange to green. This button is only active when the program has been modified in online mode. Click Download non program data to download updates to non program data (project properties, symbols, comments, animation tables, and so on) to the logic controller. This button is only active when the non program data is not synchronized between the PC and the logic controller, for example, if an animation table has been modified prior to entering online mode. Click Backup to synchronize the contents of the flash memory and the RAM memory on the logic controller. This status is shown in the Controller Info window (see page 262). During the backup, the Ethernet communications in progress (for example, using Modbus TCP or the EXCH3 instruction) are temporarily suspended. 238 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Programming NOTE: Be sure that online modifications have been saved to flash memory prior to creating a clone. Rungs that are modified are evaluated for their validity in the context of whether the controller is in RUNNING or STOPPED state. Modifications that would cause runtime errors, or change the structure of the program memory, are rejected in online mode. EIO0000003281 02/2020 239 Programming 240 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Commissioning EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Chapter 6 Commissioning What Is in This Chapter? This chapter contains the following sections: Section 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Topic Overview of the Commissioning Window Connect to a Logic Controller Controller Update Memory Management Controller Info RTC Management Page 242 243 255 256 262 264 EIO0000003281 02/2020 241 Commissioning Overview of the Commissioning Window Section 6.1 Overview of the Commissioning Window Overview of the Commissioning Window Introduction The Commissioning window allows you: Login to or logout from a logic controller. Upgrade (or downgrade) the logic controller firmware. Manage logic controller memory (for example, by performing backup and restore operations). Display information about the logic controller, expansion module (references and, for TM3 expansion modules, firmware versions), and cartridges you are connected to. Manage the real time clock (RTC) of the logic controller. NOTE: The application must be configured with a functional level (see page 83) of at least Level 5.0 to be able to view the firmware version of TM3 Analog expansion modules. 242 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Connect to a Logic Controller Section 6.2 Connect to a Logic Controller What Is in This Section? This section contains the following topics: Connecting to a Logic Controller Downloading and Uploading Applications Topic Commissioning Page 244 251 EIO0000003281 02/2020 243 Commissioning Connecting to a Logic Controller Overview Click Connect on the Commissioning window to manage the connection with the logic controller. Available Controllers Two lists of logic controllers are displayed: 1. Local Devices Displays all logic controllers connected to the PC: With the physical COM ports of the PC (COM1, for example) With USB cables Through the virtualized COM ports (by USB-to-serial converters or Bluetooth dongles) With a modem connection that you choose to add manually. Use a modem connection between EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic and a logic controller for monitoring purposes only. NOTE: If a COM port is selected and the Keep Modbus driver parameters check box is ticked, the communication is established with the parameters defined in the Modbus driver. 2. Ethernet Devices Displays all logic controllers that are accessible by Ethernet (on the same subnet and not under a router or any device that blocks UDP broadcasts). This list includes logic controllers that are automatically detected by EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, any controllers that you choose to add manually as well as the IP address configured in the Ethernet Configuration view, if any. Manually Adding Ethernet Devices To manually add a logic controller to the Ethernet Devices list: Step 1 2 Action In the Remote lookup field, type the IP address or the URL of the logic controller to add, for example 12.123.134.21 or my.url.com:502 (connection port can also be specified). Click Add to add the device to the Ethernet Devices list. 244 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Manually Adding Modem Connections Prerequisites for availability of modem: If no modem is installed on the PC, the button is disabled. Verify in the Phone and Modem option of the Windows Control Panel that the modem is installed and perform a test (in the Modem tab, click the modem to test and click Properties Diagnostics Query Modem). The response of the modem must be valid. If the modem is an external modem connected on a COM port, verify that the communication settings are the same in: the modem advanced parameters, the communication port parameters, the Modbus driver parameters. For more details on the installation and setting of SR2MOD03 modem, refer to the SR2MOD02 and SR2MOD03 Wireless Modem User Guide. EIO0000003281 02/2020 245 Commissioning To manually add a modem connection to the Local Devices list: Step 1 2 Action Click (Add modem configuration button) to open the Modem configuration window. Result: The Modem configuration window appears. Select the COM port of the modem from the drop-down list: 3 Configure the communication parameters. For detailed information on the modem configuration parameters, refer to the table below. 4 Click Apply. NOTE: This button is enabled only if all settings are correctly configured. Result: The modem connection is added to the Local Devices list (for example COM2@0612345678,GenericModem). 246 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning This table describes each parameter of the modem configuration: Parameter Port Device Phone Number Value COMx - AT init cmd - Escape chars - Baud rate Parity Data bits Stop bits Timeout (ms) 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 None Even Odd 7 8 1 2 0. 60000 Break timeout (ms) 0. 10000 Default value - AT&D0 + 19200 Description Allows you to select the COM port of the modem from the dropdown list. Displays the modem name. Type the phone number of the remote modem connected to the logic controller. This text field accepts all the characters and is limited to 32 characters in total. This field must contain at least one character to be able to apply the configuration. Allows you to edit the AT initialization command of the modem. The AT initialization command is not mandatory (if the field is empty the AT string is sent). Allows you to edit the escape character for the hang-up procedure. Allows you to select the data transmission rate (bits per second) of the modem. Even 8 1 15000 10 Allows you to select the parity of the transmitted data for error detection. Allows you to select the number of data bits. Allows you to select the number of stop bits. Allows you to specify the transmission timeout (in ms). Allows you to specify the interframe timeout (in ms). If the check box Automatic is ticked, the value is automatically calculated. EIO0000003281 02/2020 247 Commissioning Connecting to a Logic Controller To log in to a logic controller: Step 1 2 Action Click (Refresh Devices button) to refresh the list of connected Ethernet devices. Select one of the logic controllers in the Local Devices or Ethernet Devices lists. If a controller is connected by Ethernet on the same network cable than your PC, the IP address of the controller appears in the list. Selecting the IP address in the list enables (IP Address Configuration button). Click this button to change the IP address of the controller. NOTE: If you tick the check box Write to post configuration file, the Ethernet parameters are modified in the post configuration file and kept after a power cycle. This option is taken into account after a power cycle. 3 If required, click (Start Flashing LEDs button) to flash the LEDs of the selected controller to identify the controller physically by its flashing LEDs. Click this button again to stop flashing the LEDs. NOTE: You can only use the Start Flashing LEDs button for logic controllers that are automatically added (with Auto discovery protocol enabled option selected). 4 Click Login to log in to the selected controller. Result: A status bar appears showing the connection progress. 5 When connected, the protection status of the application currently stored in the logic controller appears in the Selected Controller area of the window. When the connection is successfully established, details about the logic controller appear in the Selected Controller area of the window: The firmware revision The logic controller reference number The reference numbers of all expansion modules connected to the logic controller The current state of the connection between EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic and the logic controller. 6 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic verifies whether the hardware configuration of the logic controller is compatible with the configuration of the current project. If so, the application can be downloaded to the controller. The PC to Controller (download) button is enabled and you can proceed to download the application (see page 251). EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic verifies whether the non-program data (symbols, comments, animation tables, and so on) stored in the logic controller is the same as that of the current application. If not, an advisory message is displayed. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic also verifies whether a more recent firmware version is available and, if so, displays a link you can click to begin the firmware upgrade. 248 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Verifying Controller Protections When downloading is authorized and the Logic Controller application is protected by a blank password, the following message appears in the Commissioning window: When downloading is authorized and the Logic Controller applications is password-protected, the following message appears in the Commissioning window: Comparing Projects when Connected You can compare the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application with the application in the logic controller. Differences are displayed and can then be evaluated and taken into consideration. When both downloading and uploading are authorized, and the PC and Logic Controller applications are not the same, the following message appears in the Commissioning window: EIO0000003281 02/2020 249 Commissioning Proceed as follows: Step 1 2 3 Action In the message, click on Compare computer and controller applications. Result: A popup window informs you that you must disconnect from the logic controller before viewing the comparison. Click OK to continue and disconnect from the logic controller. The Application comparison window is displayed: Comparisons are available of the following areas of the configuration and application: IL code Hardware configuration Software configuration Display application 4 Optionally, click Export to Excel file to save the comparison in spreadsheet format. 250 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Downloading and Uploading Applications Downloading the Application Follow these steps to download the application currently open in EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic to the logic controller: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Action Click Connect in the commissioning tree of the Commissioning window. Select one of the logic controllers in the Local Devices or Ethernet Devices lists. Click Login to log in to the selected controller. Optionally, click Download Settings. If you do not want memory words (%MW) and memory bits (%M) to be reset after the download, clear the Reset memories option. NOTE: The option in Memories is only available for logic controllers with firmware version greater than or equal to 1.3.3.y. The options in Program Properties and Project Properties are only available for logic controllers with firmware version greater than or equal to 1.4.1.y. If the PC to Controller (download) button is not available, verify that: The application stored in the logic controller is identical to the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application. The hardware configuration of the logic controller system is compatible with the configuration in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application. The logic controller is not password-protected. If it is, enter the password. Click PC to Controller (download). If the non-program data of the current application is not identical to that stored in the controller, the non-program data only is downloaded to the controller. If the application has been configured to Start in Run, a hazard message is displayed and prompts you to confirm that the application has been so configured. Click OK to confirm the download of the application or click Cancel and modify the configuration. Click OK to continue the transfer and overwrite the logic controller application. Result: A status bar appears indicating the connection status. To run the application you have downloaded, click Run controller and click OK to confirm the action. If a message appears informing you that the operating mode cannot be changed, click Close and verify the RUN/STOP switch on the logic controller, and/or, the RUN/STOP input as they may prevent the controller from passing into RUNNING. Otherwise, refer to the Hardware Guide of your logic controller for details. EIO0000003281 02/2020 251 Commissioning Setting Download Options To display the Download options, click Functional Level 4.1 Download settings in the Commissioning window. Functional Level 4.1 The settings are not uploaded The settings are uploaded. Each setting is selected by default. If you select or clear an option in online mode, click PC to Controller (download) to download the modifications. In online mode, if you modify the name or comments of a POU, rung, or IL line and if these corresponding options are selected in Download Settings, the download is done automatically. Reset Memories option is selected by default. This option is available in offline and online mode. When Reset Memories is selected, the memory words and bits are reset to 0 at application download. When Reset Memories is cleared, the memory words and bits keep their values. If the amount of allocated memory is different for the application residing in PC memory than that of the application residing in the memory of the logic controller, the memory is managed as follows: If allocated %MWx in the application of the logic controller is greater than that allocated %MWx in the application residing in the PC memory, then the allocation of the application on the PC is used, and the additional %MWx words are set to 0. If allocated %MWx in the application of the logic controller is less than that allocated %MWx in the application residing in the PC memory, then the additional %MWx words are removed from the memory space. If there is no application in the logic controller, %MW are set to 0. The same rules are applied for %M. Download settings are project-dependent and saved with the project. 252 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Uploading an Application Follow these steps to upload the application stored in the logic controller to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic: Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action Click Connect in the commissioning tree of the Commissioning window. Select one of the logic controllers in the Local Devices or Ethernet Devices lists. Click Login to log in to the selected controller. If the logic controller is password protected, type the password and click OK to connect. Click Controller to PC (upload). If the Controller to PC (upload) button is not available, confirm whether the application stored in the logic controller is identical to the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application. Click OK to confirm upload from the logic controller. Result: A status bar appears indicating the connection status. When the transfer completes, the application is uploaded from the logic controller into EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. NOTE: The value of the Reset Memories option is not saved when you upload an application. EIO0000003281 02/2020 253 Commissioning Downloading or Uploading a Password-Protected Application If you download or upload an application that was password-protected in a lesser version of EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, the actions you can or must do depend on the versions: Operation Downloading EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic version Functional level of the Application Firmware version 1.5 5.0 1.5 1.5.1 1.5 SP1 5.1 5.0 ­ 1.5 1.5.1 Uploading 1.5 5.1 5.0 1.5 1.5.1 1.5 1.5.1 1.5 SP1 5.1 5.0 5.1 ­ 1.5 1.5.1 1.5 1.5.1 Actions Downloading process does not use the latest security strategy. Downloading process possible and password visible. You cannot download. If the application is password-protected, you cannot download. You must do one of the following actions: Upgrade the functional level to 5.1. Let the password blank. Disable the application protection. You cannot download. Downloading process uses the latest security strategy. Uploading process does not use the latest security strategy. You must do one of the following actions: Downgrade the firmware version. Upgrade the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic version. You cannot upload. Uploading process does not use the latest security strategy. Uploading process uses the latest security strategy. You cannot upload. Uploading process uses the latest security strategy. 254 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Controller Update Section 6.3 Controller Update Commissioning Controller Firmware Updates Overview You can download firmware updates to the logic controller either directly from EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic or using an SD card. Downloading a Firmware Update to the Logic Controller Performing a firmware update preserves the application program present in the controller, including the Boot Application in the non-volatile memory. Follow these steps to download firmware updates to the logic controller: Step 1 2 3 Action Verify that you are not connected to the logic controller when using Firmware Update. Click Commissioning Controller Update. Click Update. The first page of the executive loader (OS loader) wizard appears. If you remove power to the device, or there is a power outage or communication interruption during the transfer of the application, your device may become inoperative. If a communication interruption or a power outage occurs, reattempt the transfer. If there is a power outage or communication interruption during a firmware update, or if an invalid firmware is used, your device will become inoperative. In this case, use a valid firmware and reattempt the firmware update. NOTICE INOPERABLE EQUIPMENT Do not interrupt the transfer of the application program or a firmware change once the transfer has begun. Re-initiate the transfer if the transfer is interrupted for any reason. Do not attempt to place the device into service until the file transfer has completed successfully. Failure to follow these instructions can result in equipment damage. EIO0000003281 02/2020 255 Commissioning Memory Management Section 6.4 Memory Management Managing Logic Controller Memory Overview In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, you can back up, restore, or erase the different elements from or to the logic controller to which you are connected. Backup, restore, and erase options are available only in online mode. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Verify that the controller you are connected to is the intended target before performing the erase or the restore operation. Verify the state of security of your machine or process environment before performing the erase or the restore operation from a remote location. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. Backing Up to a PC or Controller SD Card Follow these steps to back up the logic controller memory to a PC or to the controller SD card: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Log in to the logic controller. Select Memory Management in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window. In the Action list, choose Backup from Controller. To back up to a PC: Under Destination, choose PC. Click the browse button, navigate to the folder in which to write the backup file. or To back up to an SD card: Under Destination, choose Controller SD Card folder. Insert an SD card into the SD card slot of the logic controller. NOTE: The SD card must not be empty or contain a script.cmd file to avoid creating a clone or the script execution (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). 256 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Step 5 6 Action Select the elements to back up by selecting the options: Backup firmware Backup program Backup memory values Backup log file Backup post configuration file When Backup memory values is selected in a PC backup, specify the First Memory Bit, Last Memory Bit, First Memory Word, and Last Memory Word to be included in the backup. Click Backup from Controller to begin the backup operation. The elements are saved to the specified PC folder or SD card as an SD card image (.smbk). A report window appears displaying a list of information or detected error messages about the backup operation. NOTE: If you choose to back up memory values, you can initiate a backup while the logic controller is in RUNNING state. As a consequence, the backup would not necessarily be coherent because the memory variables value can be modified from one scan to another. If you wish to have a consistent set of values for the variables, you may need to first put the logic controller into STOPPED state. Restoring Follow these steps to restore logic controller elements from a PC: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Action Log in to the logic controller. Select Memory Management in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window. In the Action list, choose Restore to Controller. Choose the source folder that contains the backup files on the PC. Select the elements you want to restore to the logic controller. Click Restore to Controller to begin the restore operation. A report window appears displaying a list of information or detected error messages about the restore operation. EIO0000003281 02/2020 257 Commissioning Incomplete file transfers, such as data files, application files and/or firmware files, may have serious consequences for your machine or controller. If you remove power, or if there is a power outage or communication interruption during a file transfer, your machine may become inoperative, or your application may attempt to operate on a corrupted data file. If an interruption occurs, reattempt the transfer. Be sure to include in your risk analysis the impact of corrupted data files. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION, DATA LOSS, OR FILE CORRUPTION Do not interrupt an ongoing data transfer. If the transfer is interrupted for any reason, re-initiate the transfer. Do not place your machine into service until the file transfer has completed successfully, unless you have accounted for corrupted files in your risk analysis and have taken appropriate steps to prevent any potentially serious consequences due to unsuccessful file transfers. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. To restore a backup from a controller SD card, refer to the Programming Guide of the logic controller. Erasing Logic Controller Elements Follow these steps to erase logic controller elements: Step 1 2 3 4 Action Select Memory Management in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window. In the Action list, choose Erase in Controller. Select the elements you want to erase in the logic controller. If you select the Erase post configuration file option, the post configuration file is deleted immediately upon clicking Erase in Controller. In order to preserve any existing Ethernet connections, however, deletion of the file is only taken into account by the controller following an Ethernet reinitialization, that is, any of the following events: Unplugging and replugging the Ethernet cable Initializing the controller Power cycle the controller. Click Erase in Controller button to begin the erase operation. A report window appears displaying a list of information or detected error messages about the erase operation. 258 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Creating and Reading Logic Controller Images A logic controller image includes the controller firmware, the program, and the post configuration file. A script allows you to transfer those elements to a logic controller. When creating a logic controller image, choosing an SD card as destination allows you to use this SD card in a logic controller. Creating a Logic Controller Image In offline mode, this procedure allows you to generate a script and copy files necessary to copy the following elements to your PC or an SD card: Firmware contained in the installed EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software. Program of the currently opened project. Post configuration file. Follow these steps to create a logic controller image: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Action If you are connected to a logic controller, click Logout in the Commissioning window. Select Memory Management in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window. In the Action list, choose Create Controller image. In Destination PC, click the browse button and navigate to the folder in which to write the image file. You can choose an SD card inserted in your PC as destination. Select the elements to copy by selecting: Include firmware Include program If you want to overwrite the post configuration file, select Erase post configuration file. Click Create Controller image. Result: The following folders and files are created: script.cmd usr/app/*.smbk sys/os/*.mfw If you created the controller image on your PC, copy the files in an SD card. EIO0000003281 02/2020 259 Commissioning The following illustration presents an example of the settings: 260 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Reading a Logic Controller Image In offline mode, this procedure allows you to open a .smbk image file in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic as a project. NOTE: The image opened must have been previously created either through Create Controller image operation or by a backup from the controller (see page 259). Follow these steps to read a logic controller image: Step 1 2 3 4 5 Action If you are connected to a logic controller, click Logout in the Commissioning window. Select Memory Management in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window. In the Action list, choose Read image. In Source PC, click the browse button and navigate to the folder containing the image file (.smbk). Read program is selected by default. To read a image file, you have to select it. Click Read image to read the program and open a project. The following illustration presents an example of the settings: EIO0000003281 02/2020 261 Commissioning Controller Info Section 6.5 Controller Info Controller Information Overview Click Controller info in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window to display the following information on the present state of the logic controller: Executable RAM: This option verifies if a valid application is stored in the RAM memory of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing bit 14 of the system word %SW7 (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). Protected RAM: This option is checked if the application in the RAM memory of the logic controller is password-protected. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing bit 8 of the system word %SW7 (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). Forced I/O: This option is checked if 1 or more digital inputs or outputs on the logic controller are being forced to a specific value (see page 144). In this case, system bit %S14 (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) (IO force activated) is set to 1. RAM synchronized with Flash: This option is checked, if the application stored in non-volatile memory is not identical to the application in RAM memory. The option is unchecked if either: online modifications to the application have not yet been sent to the logic controller (by clicking the Backup button on the Programming tab). the logic controller has not been initialized since the modifications were made (by clicking the Initialize controller button on the toolbar). Status: The present state of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW6. For more information on controller states, see the programming guide of your logic controller. Last stopped on: The date and time that the logic controller was last stopped (STOPPED, HALTED, and so on). This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW54 through %SW57. Last stopped reason: Displays the reason for the most recent stop of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW58. 262 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Commissioning Scan time (µs): The following scan times: Minimum (in microseconds): Shortest scan time since the last power-on of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW32 (in milliseconds). Current (in microseconds): The scan time. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW30 (in milliseconds). Maximum (in microseconds): The longest scan time since the last power-on of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW31 (in milliseconds). Controller time: The following information is displayed only if the logic controller has a real time clock (RTC): Date (DD/MM/YYYY): The present date stored in the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system words %SW56 and %SW57. Time (HH:MM:SS): The present time stored in the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system words %SW54 and %SW55. The date and time are presented in same format as specified for the PC. Ethernet information: The following information is displayed only if the logic controller has an embedded Ethernet connection: IP address: The IP address of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system words (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) %SW33 and %SW34. Subnet mask: The subnet mask of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system words %SW35 and %SW36. Gateway address: The gateway address of the logic controller. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system words %SW37 and %SW38. SL1 Post Configuration status: The parameters with the activated check box are defined by the post configuration file. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW98 (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). SL2 Post Configuration status: The parameters with the activated check box are defined by the post configuration file. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW99 (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). ETH Post Configuration status: The parameters with the activated check box are defined by the post configuration file. This information can also be obtained from within a program by testing the system word %SW100 (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). EIO0000003281 02/2020 263 Commissioning RTC Management Section 6.6 RTC Management Managing the RTC Overview The RTC Management window enables you to set the real time clock (RTC) of the logic controller. This is only possible if EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is connected to a logic controller that supports an RTC. Updating the RTC Step 1 2 3 Action Select the RTC Management option in the left-hand area of the Commissioning window. If in online mode, the Current controller time is displayed. Choose the mode for setting the logic controller time: Manual : This mode displays the date and time and lets you manually choose what date and time to set in the logic controller. Automatic : This mode sets the time in the logic controller to the current time of the PC on which EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is installed. Click Apply. 264 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Chapter 7 Simulator What Is in This Chapter? This chapter contains the following topics: Topic Overview of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator I/O Manager Window EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Time Management Window Modifying Values Using EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator How to Use the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Launching Simulation in Vijeo-Designer Page 266 268 270 273 278 279 EIO0000003281 02/2020 265 Simulator Overview of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Introduction EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator allows you to: Simulate a connection between the PC, the logic controller, and any expansion modules. Run and test a program without a logic controller and expansion modules, connected to the PC physically. The simulator replicates the behavior of the logic controller and is a virtual logic controller that you connect to with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. NOTE: Security parameters (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) are not applied when using the simulator. Once you launch the simulator, you can connect, run, stop and other associated actions that you would accomplish while connected to a physical logic controller. NOTE: The simulator supports up to 2 connections; one for EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic and other one for data purpose (for example, HMI communication). Accessing the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Step 1 2 Action Ensure that the program is valid. Otherwise, the simulator launch is interrupted with a compilation error detected message that appears on the screen. Launch the simulator by any of the following methods: Click Launch simulator in the commissioning task area. Press CTRL+B in the Commissioning window. Click (launch simulator button) in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic tool bar. EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Windows EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator has the following 2 windows: Simulator time management window Lets you control the RTC of the controller in order to simulate the passage of time and its effect on the logical constructs affected by the RTC. Simulator I/O manager window Lets you manage the state of inputs/outputs of the controller and the expansion modules. 266 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator After the connection between the PC and the virtual logic controller has been successfully established (refer to How to Use the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator (see page 278)), EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator I/O manager window appears on the screen: 1 Simulator I/O manager window (see page 268) EIO0000003281 02/2020 267 Simulator EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator I/O Manager Window Overview Simulator I/O manager window has the following components: LED status: To monitor the LED status of a simulated controller. Input/output status: To control the inputs and outputs when the program is running. Simulator I/O Manager Window This graphic shows the simulator I/O manager window: Click the pin symbol on the left-top of this window to pin or unpin the window to the foreground. Click the minimize symbol on the right-top of this window to minimize the window in taskbar. LED Status The PWR, RUN, ERR, and STAT LEDs are simulated in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator I/O manager window as they would appear on a connected base controller. The following are the LED states displayed in the simulator I/O manager window of a simulated logic controller: LED PWR RUN ERR STAT Status Information Indicates whether the simulated logic controller is powered up or not. Indicates the RUN state of the simulated logic controller. Indicates the ERR state of the simulated logic controller. The operation of the STAT LED is defined by the user logic. 268 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Input/Output Status Simulator I/O manager window lets you monitor and control the I/Os of a controller and expansion module when a program is running. The inputs and outputs are displayed in a list of numbers. This list depends on the I/Os of the selected controller and expansion module. For example, if your controller has n digital inputs, the number list will display number starting from 0. (n-1), where each number corresponds to the digital input at the corresponding input channel. For a controller, the I/Os displayed are: IN: Digital inputs. OUT: Digital outputs. ANA: Analog inputs. For an expansion module, the I/Os displayed are: IN: Digital/analog inputs. OUT: Digital/analog outputs. NOTE: The analog I/Os are displayed with their current values on right-hand side of the analog input number. Digital I/O status is identified by the text color of the I/O numbers: Green: I/O is set to 1. Black: I/O is set to 0. Analog I/O status is identified by the value: - (hyphen): I/O is not configured. Number: Current value of the I/O. EIO0000003281 02/2020 269 Simulator EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Time Management Window Overview Simulator Time Management window has the following components: Date / Time simulation range for the execution of the program in the simulator: Beginning Date and Time End Date and Time Stop at the End check box (stop the execution of the program when the End Date and Time are reached) Time control scroll bar: To move the simulation of the passage of time manually forward or back Date and Time display: Date and Time of the simulated RTC of the simulator Control buttons: To reset, jump back, jump forward, or end the time management associated with the RTC Increment bar: To fix the rate of the simulated passage of time relative to real time 270 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Time Management Window To display the Time Management window: Step 1 2 Action Right-click on the top bar of the Simulator I/O Management window. Choose Time Management. This graphic presents the simulator Time Management window: Simulator 1 Date / Time simulation range (Beginning ­ End) 2 Stop at the end (of Date / Time range) check box 3 Time control scroll bar 4 RTC date and time 5 Increment bar 6 Elapsed time control buttons Simulator Date / Time Simulation Range The simulation range allows you to establish and control the RTC of the simulator. The RTC is set with the Beginning date and time fields when you set the simulator into a RUN state. The End date and time fields establishes the end of your simulation. If you check the Stop at the End check box, the simulator enters a STOP state at the expiration of the simulation range. Otherwise, the simulator will continue to run, as will the RTC, until you manually stop the simulator with EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. Time Control Scroll Bar The time control scroll bar allows you to manually manipulate the date and time you have established simulation range. Click and hold the right mouse button while pointing at the arrow below the bar and moving the mouse to the right advances the time and date of the RTC. Doing the same and moving the mouse to the left reverse the time and date of the RTC. EIO0000003281 02/2020 271 Simulator RTC Date and Time The RTC date and time zone displays the value of the RTC as it relates to the ongoing simulation. The initial time of the RTC is established by the Beginning date and time when you place the simulator in a RUN state. Thereafter, the display is updated with the ongoing clocking of the RTC in the simulator. You can alter the RTC either with the time control scroll bar or with the Time elapse speed control buttons. Increment Bar The increment bar allows you to establish a relative increment for Jumping forward or back the RTC value when using the elapsed time control buttons. By clicking the bar you can set various increments that are relative to the simulation range you have established. Elapsed Time Control Buttons You can use the control buttons to effect the RTC value, and therefore manipulate its affect on your program running in the simulator as follows: Graphic Element Command Initialize Description Allows you to reset the date and time back to that which is set in the Beginning time/date field. Jump Forward Allows you to move forward the time and date from its current value in increments established by the Increment bar. Jump Back Allows you to reverse the time and date from its current value in increments established by the Increment bar. End Allows you to jump the date and time to that which is set in the End time/date field. 272 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Modifying Values Using EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Overview When in online mode, EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator I/O manager window allows you to: Modify values of the inputs. Trace the outputs. Modifying Values of Digital Inputs Follow these steps to modify the digital input value, using single-click operation: Step Action 1 Click the digital input number in the simulator I/O manager window to change the discrete input value. Result: Text color of the input number changes. Digital input values are identified by the text color: Green: I/O is set to 1. Black: I/O is set to 0. 2 Click again on the same input number to toggle the value. Follow these steps for bulk operation of modifying digital input values together: Step Action 1 Double-click the digital input number in the simulator I/O manager window, Result: Set Discrete Inputs window listing all digital inputs, appears on the screen: EIO0000003281 02/2020 273 Simulator Step Action 2 In the Operation area of the Set Discrete Inputs window, click: Set all to 0: To set the value of all inputs to 0. Set all to 1: To set the value of all inputs to 1. Result: If the checkbox is selected, input value is set to 1. If not selected, input value is set 0. 3 Alternatively, in the All Discrete Inputs area of the Set Discrete Inputs window, click the checkbox corresponding to the input to modify the values individually. 4 Click OK to save the changes and exit from the Set Discrete Inputs window. Modifying I/O Values of Analog Inputs Follow these steps for modifying analog input values: Step Action 1 Double-click the analog input number in the simulator I/O manager window, Result: Set Analog Inputs window listing all analog inputs, appears on the screen: 2 In the All Analog Inputs area of the Set Analog Inputs window, double-click the value field in the Change Value column corresponding to the input to be modified. 3 Enter the value in the range 0. 1023 and press ENTER. 4 Alternatively, in the Set Analog Inputs window, select an input from the Inputs list and move the slider in the Change Value area to adjust the input value between 0. 1023. When you move the slider from left to right, the value increases and vice versa. 5 Click OK to save the changes and exit from the Set Analog Inputs window. 274 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Tracing the Outputs Output values depend on the program; therefore you cannot modify the values but EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator offers you to trace the digital and analog outputs. Follow these steps for modifying analog input values: Step Action 1 Double-click the output number in the simulator I/O manager window, Result: Tracing window appears on the screen. EIO0000003281 02/2020 275 Simulator Step Action 2 Click Configure button to select the outputs to trace. Result: Tracing Configuration window appears on the screen. 3 In the Select checkbox column, click the checkboxes corresponding to the outputs to trace. 4 Select the Sample Interval from the drop-down menu to set the sample time interval for output tracing: 1 second 5 seconds 10 seconds 20 seconds 276 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Step Action 5 Click Ok to save and exit from the Tracing Configuration window. Result: Selected outputs are added to the Tracing window that displays tracing of the outputs with simulated values: 6 Click OK to exit from the Tracing window. EIO0000003281 02/2020 277 Simulator How to Use the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator Procedure Follow these steps to run the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Simulator to test your program: Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Action Ensure that you have a valid program by checking the status message in the status area (for more information, refer to Status Area (see page 47)). The program status should be No errors. You can also run EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic simulator when the program status is Advice. Launch the simulator (refer to Accessing the Simulator (see page 266)). Run the controller. In the Commissioning window, select Connect in the commissioning tree and then click Run controller button in the commissioning task area. Command your program using the simulator main window (refer to Control Buttons (see page 271)). Check the LED status in the simulator main window (refer to LED Display (see page 269)). Check the status of the inputs/outputs in the simulator I/O manager window (refer to Input/Output Status (see page 269)). Check the LED status in the simulator I/O manager window (refer to LED Status (see page 268)). Modify the I/O values as required (refer to Modifying Values Using the Simulator (see page 273)). Trace the outputs as required (refer to Tracing the Outputs (see page 275)). Stop the controller. In the Commissioning window, select Connect in the commissioning tree and then click Stop controller button in the commissioning task area. Stop the simulator. In the Commissioning window, select Connect in the commissioning tree and then click Stop controller button in the commissioning task area or press CTRL+W to exit from the simulator. 278 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Simulator Launching Simulation in Vijeo-Designer Procedure Prior to launching the HMI simulation in Vijeo-Designer, first start the logic controller simulator in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic (see page 266). Follow these steps to launch the simulation in Vijeo-Designer: Step Action 1 Start Vijeo-Designer. 2 Open the Vijeo-Designer project that contains the symbols from an EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic project. NOTE: If the Vijeo-Designer project does not exist, create a project in Vijeo-Designer and share the symbols with the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. For more information, refer to Sharing Symbols Between an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Project and an Vijeo-Designer Project (see page 165). 3 Click the Project tab in the Navigator window, right-click the equipment node under the IO Manager node, and select Configuration. Result: The Equipment Configuration window opens. 4 Enter the IP Address and click OK. NOTE: The IP address must be a local host address or local address of your PC. For example, 127.0.0.1 5 Start Device Simulation Tool. 6 Click the Variables tab and select the check boxes of the variables to include in the simulation. NOTE: If the View All icon is selected, all variables selected in the Variables tab are displayed in the Simulation tab. 7 Click the Simulation tab. 8 Select a variable, select an operation for the variable, and then select the Active check box. NOTE: Only one simulation operation can be applied to any given variable at a time. 9 Define the parameters of the variable simulation operation. 10 Click the Simulation icon to start the simulation. 11 Change the variable values as required during the simulation: For a slider operation, you can change the value by moving the slider, moving the wheel on your mouse, or typing the arrow keys on the keyboard. For a toggle operation, click Set or Reset to write the corresponding string to the variable. 12 Click the Simulation icon again to stop the simulation. 13 Press CTRL+Z to exit the Device Simulation Tool. EIO0000003281 02/2020 279 Simulator 280 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Chapter 8 Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic What Is in This Chapter? This chapter contains the following topics: Topic Saving a Project Saving a Project As a Template Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Page 282 283 284 EIO0000003281 02/2020 281 Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Saving a Project Overview EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic projects can be saved as files to the local PC. This file has the extension *.smbp and contains: The source code of the program contained on the Programming tab The current hardware configuration contained on the Configuration tab Settings and preferences set in the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project. Saving the Project Step 1 2 3 Action Click Save on the toolbar, or press Ctrl-S If this is the first time you have saved the project, browse and select the folder in which to store the project file. Type the name of the project file and click Save. Saving the Project with a Different Name Step 1 2 3 Action Click the menu arrow next to the Save button on the toolbar and choose Save as. Browse and select the folder in which to store the project file. Type the new name of the project file and click Save. 282 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Saving a Project As a Template Overview EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic projects can be saved as templates. The project is then listed on the Templates tab of the Start Menu. You can then use the project as the starting point for new projects. Saving a Project as a Template Step 1 2 3 Action Click the menu arrow next to the Save button on the toolbar and choose Save as template. By default, templates are saved to the folder: C:\Users\Public\EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic\Examples. Type the name of the project. Choose Sample Project Files (*.smbe) as the file Type and click Save. EIO0000003281 02/2020 283 Saving Projects and Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Closing EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Overview To exit EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, click the Close button in the top right-hand corner of the EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic window. You can also click Exit on the Start Menu. 284 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EIO0000003281 02/2020 Appendices What Is in This Appendix? The appendix contains the following chapters: Chapter A B Chapter Name Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts Page 287 297 EIO0000003281 02/2020 285 286 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Converting Twido Projects EIO0000003281 02/2020 Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Appendix A Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic Converting Twido Projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Overview When you open a TwidoSoft or TwidoSuite (see page 37) project, it is automatically converted to an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic project associated with a M221 logic controller reference. After the association is made, you can change the M221 Logic Controller reference (see page 66). A conversion report is generated listing any aspects of the TwidoSoft or TwidoSuite project that could not be automatically converted to the equivalent EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic functionality. The following provides additional conversion information. WARNING UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION Always verify that your application program operates as it did prior to the conversion, having all the correct configurations, parameters, parameter values, functions, and function blocks as required. Modify the application as necessary such that it conforms to its previous operation. Thoroughly test and validate the newly compiled version prior to putting your application into service. Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage. EIO0000003281 02/2020 287 Converting Twido Projects Twido Program Types Requiring Manual Adaption This table lists Twido project types that use functionality with no direct equivalent on the M221 Logic Controller and provides some advice on converting these projects for EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic: Twido Program Type Solution Description Program using CANopen Consider converting the program to use the Ethernet network. Refer to the M221_with_LXM32_Modbus_TCP and M221_with_ILx2T_Modbus_TCP templates (perform a search in the Templates window (see page 38)). Program using Twido Macro Comm The Twido code is automatically converted to use EXCH instructions. Consider modifying the program to use Communication function blocks (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide). Refer to the xSample_twido_macro_COMM_Conversion project template and associated documentation (perform a search in the Templates window (see page 38)) to help you modify the converted program to use Communication function blocks. Program using Twido drive macros Parts of the Twido code cannot be automatically converted to Ladder language code. Refer to the xSample_ATV Modbus SL_M221 or xSample_Twido_Macro_Drive_Conversion project templates to help you adapt drive management functionality. Twido Extreme TWDLEDCK1 project This type of project cannot be automatically converted. To retrieve a part of the program: Change the controller in the TwidoSuite program from TWDLEDCK1 to a different Twido controller Convert the updated project Program using the Remote Link Protocol Consider modifying the program to use the following M221 Logic Controller features: Modbus TCP mapping on the Ethernet network Modbus serial protocol using Communication function blocks (see EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, Generic Functions Library Guide) The Remote Link protocol allows the use of a Twido controller as a remote I/O module on a serial line. 288 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Converting Twido Projects Messages Listed in the Conversion Report The following table provides additional information for specific message IDs referenced in the conversion report: Message ID Message Description/Solution Error Messages TC-001 Impossible to load the Twido project The Twido project file could not be opened in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. TC-002 The folder containing Twido information (with the same name and location as the .xpr file) was not found The specified folder could not be found. TC-003 Twido File is not in the correct The Twido project is not in the correct format, format nothing is converted. TC-004 Twido File has an unexpected The Twido project is incomplete, nothing is format converted. TC-005 Device is not supported The Twido reference is not supported. Nothing is converted. TC-006 CANopen macro has not been translated As the M221 Logic Controller does not support into IL CANopen, Twido CANopen macros are not supported. Advisory Messages TC-101 The Serial Line 2 Physical medium has been changed to RS485 On TM221M···· references, Serial Line 2 cannot be configured in RS232. Consider configuring your external device in RS485 instead. Alternatively, you can add an external RS232/RS485 adapter, replace the logic controller with a TM221C···· reference, or add a TMC2 cartridge that supports RS232 to the controller. TC-102 The Remote Link configuration on the Serial Line has been replaced by the Modbus protocol. The Remote Link protocol is not supported on the M221 Logic Controller. Other solutions are possible, for example, using Communication function blocks on Modbus, or a Modbus mapping table if using an M221 Logic Controller that has Ethernet. Also refer to the information provided in Twido Program Types Requiring Manual Adaption (see page 288) TC-103 TWDXCPODC expansion is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It has not been imported. TWDXCPODC is an expansion module for a display that is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. For the M221 Logic Controller, you can use the TMH2GDB Remote Graphic Display which provides an operator interface application. EIO0000003281 02/2020 289 Converting Twido Projects Message ID Message Description/Solution TC-104 TWDXCPODM expansion is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It has not been imported. TWDXCPODM is an expansion module for a display that is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. For the M221 Logic Controller, you can use the TMH2GDB Remote Graphic Display which provides an operator interface application. TC-105 New logic controller does not support Pulse (PLS) or Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) The Twido Compact Base 40 I/O, 240 Vac Controller had 2 transistor fast outputs. In the M221 Logic Controller range, only 24 Vdcpowered controllers have transistor outputs. The M221 Vac-powered controllers have only relay outputs. If replacing controllers, choose a M221 Logic Controller with a 24 Vdc power supply. TC-106 CANopen communication expansion is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It has not been imported. The M221 Logic Controller does not support CANopen. If you need CANopen, use a Modicon M241 Logic Controller. Alternatively, replace the communication bus with Modbus on serial line or Modbus TCP on Ethernet. TC-107 AS-Interface master expansion is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It has not been imported. The M221 Logic Controller does not provide an AS-Interface Master module. Consider using an Ethernet-AS Interface gateway, or use remote I/O using the Modbus serial, Modbus TCP, or EtherNet/IP protocols. TC-108 TM200 HSC expansion is not supported in The M221 Logic Controller has 4 fast inputs that EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It can be associated with High Speed Counters. has not been imported. TC-109 TWD PTO expansion is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It has not been imported. The M221 Logic Controller references without relay outputs have 2 or 4 fast outputs that can be associated with Pulse Train Outputs. TC-110 TM2 VCM expansion is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. It has not been imported. TM2 VCM expansion modules are not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. TC-111 Timer 3 "Adjustable" parameter is not In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic function supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert blocks, this parameter is not supported. - Basic. It has been forced to True TC-112 %QA ASi outputs are not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. These addresses were reserved for the management of AS-Interface remote I/Os. As with the AS-Interface Master module, these addresses are not supported on the M221 Logic Controller. 290 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Converting Twido Projects Message ID Message Description/Solution TC-113 The Auto-tune on PID has changed; the new parameter AT Trigger of the PID Autotune (AT) tab has been added and configured and the parameter `Output setpoint' has been ignored. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, configure PID auto-turning. TC-114 The input used by HSCn (in Twido: VFCn) Verify whether your program uses the input changed from to . assigned. TC-115 The inputs used by HSCn and are inverted relative to Twido VFCn. HSC inputs and on Twido VFC controllers are inverted in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic; revert the inputs in the application. TC-116 The Free POU is already assigned to Assign the Free POU to a different event. . The event cannot use this Free POU. TC-117 Twido object has been moved to on new controllers. You must update your program to maintain consistency. The object has been converted to an EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic object with similar functionality. can be a system bit, system word, or a different object type such as %IWS. TC-118 Twido object has been modified on new controllers. You must verify if your controller is still consistent. The object has been converted, but its functionality in EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic may be different. Refer to the online help for assistance in updating your program. TC-119 Twido object is no longer supported The object has no equivalent in EcoStruxure on new controllers. You must update your Machine Expert - Basic. Refer to the online help program using new functionalities. for assistance in updating your program. TC-120 The source controller is powered by The converted M221 Logic Controller does not 24 Vdc but the target controller have the same power supply, but there is no is powered by 100. 240 Vac. impact on the application. TC-121 The source controller with transistor and relay outputs has been converted to with transistor outputs only. The converted M221 Logic Controller does not have the same output types. The conversion allows the application to remain unchanged. TC-122 Invalid syntax for symbol associated Correct the syntax of the specified symbol. with . TC-123 Symbol `' associated with is a EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic has new reserved word and has been converted to instructions compared to TwidoSuite/TwidoSoft. . Reserved words are converted to . EIO0000003281 02/2020 291 Converting Twido Projects Message ID Message Description/Solution TC-124 time base configured in has been converted to . You may have to adjust accordingly the preset in the configuration and . in the application. This message occurs when converting an application using PLS or PWM. On Twido, the hardware time bases are 0.142 ms and 0.57 ms. On the M221 Logic Controller, the hardware time bases are 0.1 ms and 1 ms, respectively. For the PLS and PWM function blocks, the period of the generated signal is the time base multiplied by the preset value (PLS.P, PLS.PD, or PWM.P). Preset values (.P or .PD) may have to be adjusted in both the configuration and the program. TC-125 configured in has been converted in . The M221 Logic Controller does not support HSC in "down counting" mode. These configurations are converted to "simple counting" mode (that is, up counting) in EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic. TC-126 Threshold values for have been modified as they must not be equal to each other. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, it is not possible to have identical threshold values. If the Twido application does not use the thresholds (no associated event or reflex configured), the values are modified to avoid configuration errors. TC-127 Threshold values for are equal and will result in a configuration error. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, it is not possible to have identical threshold values. If the Twido application uses the thresholds, nothing is changed, resulting in a configuration error. Modify the application to correct the error. TC-128 is configured as both Run/Stop and event trigger in Twido project, creating a conflict in EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic; the Run/Stop feature has been deconfigured. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, it is not possible to have the same input configured in 2 different functions at the same time. TC-129 An Ethernet module has been detected on a Twido reference with embedded Ethernet port. The Ethernet module configuration will be ignored. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, it is not possible to have two Ethernet links. TC-130 A Twido macro cannot be called from a subroutine. The macro called from SRn rung has not been converted. In EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, it is not possible to call a macro from a subroutine. TC-131 Unable to convert all event priorities. Manual adjustment is required. The conversion process was not able to set all event priorities. 292 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Converting Twido Projects Message ID Message Description/Solution TC-132 Unable to convert macro : maximum number of subroutines are used. The Twido project already uses the maximum number of subroutines, which have been converted to Free POUs. The macro conversion process may require additional Free POUs. TC-133 Passwords from Twido applications must The Twido password was saved in uppercase be entered in uppercases. letters by TwidoSuite or TwidoSoft. Information Messages TC-201 Controller has been replaced by . EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic has made a default choice of replacement controller. If it does not match the characteristics needed, replace the controller with a different reference. TC-202 Module has been replaced EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic converts by . TM2 modules to equivalent TM3 modules. TC-203 An Ethernet module has been detected. If a 499TWD01100 module is configured in The controller has been converted to an TwidoSuite, the conversion selects a M221 Logic equivalent reference with an Ethernet port. Controller reference with an embedded Ethernet port. TC-204 A NAC serial line option was detected. A The serial line cartridge TMC2SL1 replaces one of serial line cartridge has been added to the the 3 TWDNAC serial adapters of Compact Twido. configuration. Verify the configuration and the cabling. TC-205 A NOZ serial line option was detected. Its configuration has been set in SL2. The serial line cartridge TMC2SL1 replaces one of the 3 TWDNOZ serial expansion modules of Modular Twido. Verify the configuration and the cabling. TC-206 has been changed to generic modem. The TD-33/V90 modem is not supported in EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic. TC-207 which was configured on SL2 It is not possible to configure a modem on serial has been removed; only SL1 modems are line SL2 on the M221 Logic Controller. Add the authorized. modem on serial line SL1. TC-208 The functional level of the project has been set to . Verify that the specified functional level corresponds to the feature set of the logic controllers in your configuration. TC-209 The priority of has been converted from to . Verify the priority level assigned to the event. TC-210 Macro in POU - Rung has Verify the functionality of the converted code. been converted to equivalent code in POU - Rung . TC-211 Macro in POU - Rung has Verify the functionality of the converted code in the been converted to equivalent code in Free Free POU. POU . EIO0000003281 02/2020 293 Converting Twido Projects System Bits This table presents Twido system bits that have either no equivalent on the M221 Logic Controller, or a different purpose: Twido System Bit %S8 %S24 %S25 %S26 %S31 %S69 %S95 %S97 %S100 %S110 %S111 %S112 %S113 %S118 %S120 %S121 Description Wiring test Operations Display can be frozen Choosing a display mode on the operator display Choosing a signed or unsigned value on the display Event mask User STAT LED display Restore memory words Save %MW OK TwidoSuite communications cable connection Remote link exchanges Single remote link exchange Remote link connection Remote link configuration/operation Remote I/O Error Input PWM0 overflow (%IW0.7) (Twido Extreme) Input PWM1 overflow (%IW0.8) (Twido Extreme) M221 Logic Controller System Bit Removed Removed Removed Removed Removed Removed Moved to %S94 Moved to %S92 Removed Modified Modified Modified Modified Removed Removed Removed Description Not implemented on the M221 Logic Controller Replaced by the Remote Graphic Display Replaced by the Remote Graphic Display Replaced by the Remote Graphic Display Not implemented on the M221 Logic Controller There is no user STAT LED on the M221 Logic Controller Set this bit to 1 to restore the data saved in non-volatile memory %MW variables saved in non-volatile memory The M221 Logic Controller uses a USB cable Resets the Modbus Serial IOScanner on Serial Line 1 Resets the Modbus Serial IOScanner on Serial Line 2 Resets the Modbus TCP IOScanner on Ethernet. Suspends the Modbus Serial IOScanner on Serial Line 1 The Remote Link feature is not implemented on the M221 Logic Controller No Input PWM on the M221 Logic Controller No Input PWM on the M221 Logic Controller For more details, refer to System Bits %S. 294 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Converting Twido Projects System Words This table presents Twido system words that have no equivalent on the M221 Logic Controller, or a different purpose: Twido System Word %SW6 %SW7 %SW20. %SW27 %SW49. %SW53 %SW58 %SW59 %SW60 %SW67 %SW68 %SW69 %SW73 %SW74 %SW80 %SW81. %SW87 %SW96 Description M221 Logic Controller System Word Description Controller status Modified Controller state Controller state Modified Controller status Provides status for CANopen slave modules Removed The CANopen bus is not available on the M221 Logic Controller RTC Functions: words containing the Modified date and time values (in BCD format) RTC functions: words containing date and time values (in BCD). Displays code giving cause of last stop Modified Displays code giving cause of last stop. Adjust current date Modified Adjust current date. RTC correction value Removed No RTC correction is available. Function and type of controller Modified Function and type of controller. Elements displayed on the 2-line operator display Removed There is no embedded display on the M221 Logic Controller, replaced by the Remote Graphic Display. Elements displayed on the 2-line operator display Removed There is no embedded display on the M221 Logic Controller, replaced by the Remote Graphic Display. AS-Interface System State Removed The ASI bus is not available on the M221 Logic Controller. AS-Interface System State Removed The ASI bus is not available on the M221 Logic Controller. Base I/O Status Modified Embedded analog input status I/O Expansion Module 1 to 7 status Moved to System objects for analog input or analog %IWS, %QWS output status Command and/or diagnostics for save/restore function of application program and %MW Modified Diagnostics for save/restore function of program and %MW (refer to Persistent Variables (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide) for details) EIO0000003281 02/2020 295 Converting Twido Projects Twido System Word %SW96:X0 %SW97 %SW111 %SW112 %SW113 Description Specifies memory words must be saved to non-volatile memory Command or diagnostics for save/restore function Remote link status Remote Link configuration/operation error code Remote link configuration M221 Logic Controller System Word %S93 Description %SW96:X0 cannot be written to on the M221 Logic Controller; replace %SW96:X0 by %S93 in your program. Replace system bits %S95 and %S97 with %S94 and %S92 respectively. Replace system word %SW97 with %SW48. Verify the use of other bits of system word %SW96. Moved to %SW148 Number of persistent variables (Maximum 2000 variables) Removed The Remote Link feature is not implemented on the M221 Logic Controller. Removed The Remote Link feature is not implemented on the M221 Logic Controller. Removed The Remote Link feature is not implemented on the M221 Logic Controller. For more details, refer to System Words %SW (see Modicon M221, Logic Controller, Programming Guide). 296 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts Appendix B EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts Keyboard Shortcuts List Modifier CTRL CTRL CTRL ALT ALT SHIFT ALT Key C V X Left Right F1 F1 F4 CTRL B CTRL G CTRL H CTRL L CTRL M CTRL N CTRL O CTRL P CTRL Q CTRL S CTRL W CTRL J CTRL K ALT Del CTRL D EIO0000003281 02/2020 Command Copy Paste Cut Go to previous tab Go to following tab Show help or contextual help View Textbox Textbox Textbox All All All Condition ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ Selection in System Settings General Exit EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Launch simulator Login Logout Stop controller Run controller New project Open project Print project report Exit EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Save project Stop simulator Download Upload Show Ladder shortcuts Delete Convert all rungs in program to Ladder All All All All All All All All All All All All Commissioning Commissioning Programming Programming Programming ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ items are selected ­ 297 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts Modifier Key CTRL+ALT D CTRL F CTRL I CTRL CTRL CTRL CTRL CTRL Y Z Arrow key Arrow key Arrow key SHIFT Arrow key ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC SHIFT SHIFT CTRL CTRL CTRL ESC ENTER Arrow key Arrow key F5 F6 F5 F6 F7 F7 F5 F6 Command View Convert all rungs in program Programming to IL Search Programming Insert a new rung before the Programming selected rung Redo Programming Undo Programming Draw line Ladder rung Erase line Ladder rung Select/unselect next ladder cell (cell by cell) Ladder rung Select/unselect next ladder cells (select by area) Ladder rung Reset pointer to selection tool Ladder rung Cancel the pending line Ladder rung Cancel the erasing line Ladder rung Cancel move selected item(s) Ladder rung (restore initial position) Close suggestion's list Ladder rung Close menu item of ladder toolbar Start/stop moving ladder elements Move floating cell Change current cell Open contact Open branch Close contact Close branch Coil Negated coil Set coil Reset coil Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Condition ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ Drawing tool selected Erasing tool selected Selection tool selected Selection tool selected Selected tool is not draw wire or erase wire, no items are being dragged, no popup is opened Drawing in progress Erasing in progress Ladder items are being dragged A suggestions list is opened (like the available descriptors for a contact) A menu of the ladder toolbar is opened (like function blocks) At least one selected cell Moving cell started By default Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar 298 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Modifier Key F8 F9 F10 CTRL F9 CTRL F10 SHIFT F7 SHIFT F8 ALT F7 ALT F8 CTRL+SHIFT O X F A D CTRL+ALT F10 O ALT F10 ALT F9 C / W X CTRL+SHIFT F4 CTRL+SHIFT F5 CTRL+SHIFT O ALT X F10 ALT L O Q CTRL F9 CTRL+SHIFT F9 A D EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts Command Application instruction Draw horizontal line Draw vertical line Delete horizontal line Delete vertical line Rising pulse open contact Falling pulse open contact Rising pulse open branch Falling pulse open branch Comparison block XOR blocks Function blocks Activate step Deactivate step Reverse operation results Other Ladder items Free-drawn line Delete free-drawn line New contact New close contact New contact OR New close contact OR Rising edge Falling edge Comparison block XOR blocks New vertical line New horizontal line New coil New close coil Set coil Reset coil Activate step Deactivate step View Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Condition Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 1 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar 299 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts Modifier Key I F ALT O F2 SHIFT F2 SHIFT F3 SHIFT F4 CTRL+SHIFT F4 CTRL+SHIFT F5 CTRL+SHIFT 6 CTRL+SHIFT O X SHIFT F7 CTRL+SHIFT F9 F9 SHIFT F9 A D SHIFT F5 CTRL+SHIFT F6 F3 F3 F4 O SHIFT F2 F2 F3 SHIFT F3 F4 Command New instruction New function block Other Ladder items Deactivate branching mode View Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Activate branching mode Ladder rung Normally open contact Normally close contact Rising edge Falling edge Operation block Comparison block XOR blocks Assignment Negated coil Set coil Reset coil Activate step Deactivate step Function block Operation block Line Draw wire line Erase wire line Other Ladder items Activate branching mode Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Deactivate branching mode Ladder rung Draw wire line Ladder rung Erase wire line Ladder rung Normal contact Ladder rung Condition Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar Asian set 2 ladder toolbar European or American ladder toolbar European or American ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar European ladder toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar 300 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Modifier Key SHIFT F4 CTRL F9 CTRL+SHIFT F9 F9 SHIFT F9 CTRL+SHIFT F4 CTRL+SHIFT F5 CTRL+SHIFT CTRL+SHIFT X or ALT+X O or ALT+O A or ALT+A D or ALT+D Command Negated contact Coil Negative coil Set Coil Reset Coil Rising edge Falling edge Operation Block Comparison Block XOR blocks Other Ladder items Activate step Deactivate step EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts View Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Ladder rung Condition EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EcoStruxure Machine Expert Basic toolbar EIO0000003281 02/2020 301 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Keyboard Shortcuts 302 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Glossary EIO0000003281 02/2020 Glossary ! %S According to the IEC standard, %S represents a system bit. %SW According to the IEC standard, %SW represents a system word. A animation table A software table that displays the real-time values of objects such as input bits and memory words. When EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic is connected to a logic controller, the values of certain object types in animation tables can be forced to specific values. Animation tables are saved as part of EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic applications. application A program including configuration data, symbols, and documentation. C configuration The arrangement and interconnection of hardware components within a system and the hardware and software parameters that determine the operating characteristics of the system. F flash memory A non-volatile memory that can be overwritten. It is stored on a special EEPROM that can be erased and reprogrammed. Free POU A programmable object unit (POU), typically containing library functions, that can be programmed and updated independently of the master task of a program. Free POUs are available to be called from within programs as subroutines or jumps. For example, the periodic task is a subroutine that is implemented as a Free POU. EIO0000003281 02/2020 303 Glossary G GRAFCET The functioning of a sequential operation in a structured and graphic form. This is an analytical method that divides any sequential control system into a series of steps, with which actions, transitions, and conditions are associated. I instruction list language A program written in the instruction list language that is composed of a series of text-based instructions executed sequentially by the controller. Each instruction includes a line number, an instruction code, and an operand (see IEC 61131-3). L ladder diagram language A graphical representation of the instructions of a controller program with symbols for contacts, coils, and blocks in a series of rungs executed sequentially by a controller (see IEC 61131-3). M master task A processor task that is run through its programming software. The master task has 2 sections: IN: Inputs are copied to the IN section before execution of the master task. OUT: Outputs are copied to the OUT section after execution of the master task. N non-program data Data in a EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic application that is not directly used by the program, such as project properties, symbols, and comments. P post configuration (post configuration) An option that allows to modify some parameters of the application without changing the application. Post configuration parameters are defined in a file that is stored in the controller. They are overloading the configuration parameters of the application. 304 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Glossary POU (program organization unit) A variable declaration in source code and a corresponding instruction set. POUs facilitate the modular re-use of software programs, functions, and function blocks. Once declared, POUs are available to one another. R RTC (real-time clock) A battery-backed time-of-day and calender clock that operates continuously, even when the controller is not powered for the life of the battery. S symbol A string of a maximum of 32 alphanumeric characters, of which the first character is alphabetic. It allows you to personalize a controller object to facilitate the maintainability of the application. symbolic addressing The indirect method of addressing memory objects, including physical inputs and outputs, used in programming instructions as operands and parameters by first defining symbols for them using these symbols in association with the programming instructions. In contrast to immediate addressing, this is the preferred method because if the program configuration changes, symbols are automatically updated with their new immediate address associations. By contrast, any immediate addresses used as operands or parameters are not updated (refer to immediate addressing). T TCP (transmission control protocol) A connection-based transport layer protocol that provides a simultaneous bi-directional transmission of data. TCP is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. U user defined function It allows you to create your own functions with one or more input parameters, local variables, and a return value. The user-defined function can then be called in operation blocks. A user-defined function is stored as part of the project and downloaded to the logic controller as part of the application. user defined function block It allows you to create your own function blocks with one or more input and outputs, parameters, and local variables. User-defined function blocks are stored as part of the project. EIO0000003281 02/2020 305 Glossary W watchdog A watchdog is a special timer used to ensure that programs do not overrun their allocated scan time. The watchdog timer is usually set to a higher value than the scan time and reset to 0 at the end of each scan cycle. If the watchdog timer reaches the preset value, for example, because the program is caught in an endless loop, an error is declared and the program stopped. 306 EIO0000003281 02/2020 EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic Index EIO0000003281 02/2020 Index A accumulator, 196 action zone, 172 addressing symbolic, 71 allocating memory in controller, 73 allocation mode, 73 animation tables, 142 application behavior, configuring, 80 definition of, 28 downloading to controller, 251 protecting with a password, 57 protecting with password, 60 restricting changes, 61 uploading from logic controller, 253 whether password-protected, 262 assignment instructions inserting in Ladder Diagram rungs, 184 auto-save setting, 49 B backup memory contents, 238 bill of material (BOM), printing, 52 Boolean accumulator, 196 Boolean operators graphic elements for, 178 branching modes graphic element, 177 buttons, toolbar, 45 C cache memory, consumption of, 167 catalog, 65 replacing logic controller with reference from, 66 EIO0000003281 02/2020 coils graphic elements for, 179 graphical representation of outputs, 170 comments adding to Instruction List, 194 adding to Ladder Diagrams, 188 commissioning, 30 Commissioning window, 242 connecting to a logic controller, 244 communication objects, 158 comparison block graphic elements for, 178 comparison blocks inserting IL expressions in, 183 comparison expression inserting in Ladder Diagram rungs, 183 compile, date and time of last, 167 configuration current, 65 replacing logic controller in, 66 configuring application behavior, 80 hardware components with Configuration window, 65 master task, 118 periodic task duration, 131 project properties, 57 tasks and scan , 85 connecting to a logic controller, 244 contacts graphic elements for, 177 graphical representation of inputs, 170 controller time, displaying in trace, 228 converting Twido projects to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, 287 copying and pasting Grafcet POUs, 96 POU, 99 creating Free POU, 99 Grafcet POUs, 96 307 Index creating projects, 28 customizing, Ladder Editor, 50 D debugging in online mode, 227 developing programs, stages of, 29 development stages, 30 digital inputs configuring as event sources, 134 downloading firmware updates, 255 user application to controller, 251 downloading non-program data, 238 Drive objects, 157 E end/jump graphic elements, 180 Ethernet configuration using post configuration file, 262 event source assigning subroutine as, 137 types of, 134 event tasks managing, 136 configuring, 85 overview, 133 events since last cold restart, 138 triggering subroutines with, 134 EXCEPTION state fallback behavior, 82 expansion modules supported devices, 24 exporting symbol list, 164 trace, 230 308 F fallback behavior, specifying, 82 values, 82 firmware updates, 255 firmware, downloading updates to controller, 255 forcing values in animation tables, 142 of I/Os, 262 Free POU assigning to an event source, 137 assigning to events, 101 assigning to periodic task, 101 Free POU creating, 99 Free POU for periodic task, 129 introduction to, 89 Free POUs removing, 101 function blocks graphic element, 179 functional levels, 83 G general settings, 49 Grafcet, 205 graphical elements, 180 how to use the instructions, 210 instructions, 205 post-processing, 209 preprocessing, 206 program structure, 206 sequential processing, 208 Grafcet (SFC) Grafcet Graphical Editor, 216 Grafcet POU copying and pasting, 96 creating, 96 removing, 97 renaming, 97 graphic elements Ladder diagrams, 176 EIO0000003281 02/2020 grid lines, style of in Ladder Editor, 50 H hardware components, configuring, 65 hardware tree, 65 help changing shortcuts, 49 I importing symbol list, 163 input/output objects, 153 inputs configuring as event sources, 134 modifying, 189 inserting new Grafcet POUs, 96 Instruction List comments, 194 instructions upstream/downstream, 189 K keyboard shortcuts, 50, 297 L Ladder diagrams comments, 188 graphic elements, 176 introduction, 170 programming principles, 172 reversing to Instruction List, 74 rungs, 171 using parentheses in, 190 Ladder Editor customizing, 50 defining symbols in, 72 resetting pointer after insertion, 50 Ladder/List reversibility, 74 language, user interface, 49 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Index life cycle state of logic controller, 47 line graphic element, 177 List instructions, 197 List language overview, 193 logic controller date and time last stopped, 262 displaying information about, 262 displaying state, 262 replacing current in configuration, 66 state on startup, configuring, 81 supported types, 24 updating firmware, 255 updating RTC of, 264 M maintaining fallback values, 82 master task assigning POU as, 89 configuring, 85, 118 system bits and words controlling, 120 memory allocation, 73 memory consumption, viewing, 167 memory management with SD card, 256 memory objects, 147 minimum system requirements, 23 modem displaying status of, 262 modes, operating, 31 module areas, 30 N network objects, 154, 154 new Grafcet POU inserting, 96 non-program data, 28, 142 downloading, 238 normal scan mode, 119 309 Index O objects definition of, 70 network, 154 to trace in animation table, 142 updating values of in real time, 142 offline mode displayed in status area, 47 overview, 31 online mode, 73 animation tables in, 142 debugging, 227 displayed in status area, 47 editing values in animation table, 144 overview, 31 updating RTC in, 264 operands, 196 operating modes, 31 operation blocks graphic element, 180 inserting assignment instructions in, 184 operations inserting in Ladder Diagram rungs, 184 outputs modifying, 189 P parentheses modifiers, 202 nesting, 202 using in Ladder diagrams, 190 using in programs, 201 password protecting an application , 60 removing from project, 59 removing of application, 61 requiring to open project file, 59 whether application is protected with, 262 password-protecting an application, 57 period, scan, 119 periodic scan mode, 119 scan period, 131 tasks, 129 310 periodic task assigning Free POU to, 101 configuring, 85 configuring duration of, 131 post configuration using Ethernet parameters from, 262 using serial line parameters from, 262 POU copying, 99 Free, 129 managing with tasks, 90 overview, 89 pasting, 99 printing reports, 52 priority level, of events, 133 program compiling, 45 definition of, 28 displaying number of lines in, 167 jumps, 189 program development, stages of, 29 program organization unit (POU), 89 program, configuring fallback behaviors, 82 programming best practices, 189 grid, 172 languages, supported, 26 workspace, 68 project configuring properties, 57 definition of, 28 displaying report for, 52 protecting with password, 59 saving, 282 saving as a template, 283 templates, 38 projects creating, 28 properties, 57 PTO objects, 156 pulse width (TON) , 120 EIO0000003281 02/2020 R RAM memory executable contains application, 262 RAM memory, consumption of, 167 read removing from application, 61 registering EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic software, 34 relay circuits, representing as Ladder diagrams, 170 removing Free POUs, 101 Grafcet POUs, 97 removing modification protection, 61 removing password protection, 59 removing read protection, 61 renaming a Grafcet POU, 97 replacing logic controller in configuration, 66 reports exporting, 52 printing, 52 restriction protecting an application , 61 reversibility introduction to, 74 rollback changes, 238 RTC displaying date and time, 262 managing with system bits, 189 updating in controller, 264 rungs copying, 94 creating, 93 deleting, 95 graphic element, 176 inserting, 94 managing, 93 renaming, 95 S scan modes, 85, 119 scan task, configuring watchdog, 82 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Index scan time displaying minimum, maximum, current, 262 minimum, displayed in status area, 47 SD card memory management with, 256 search and replace, 159 sections in events, 133 of master task, 118 selection graphic element, 177 sending program modifications, 238 serial line configuration using post configuration file, 262 settings general, 49 sharing symbol list, 165 sharing symbols with Vijeo Designer project, 165 simulator, 266 accessing the simulator, 266 how to use, 278 I/O manager window, 268 mode, overview, 31 modifying values, 273 modifying values of analog inputs, 274 modifying values of digital inputs, 273 output tracing, 275 setting, 50 simulator windows, 266 Time Management window, 270 software objects, 155 sources of events, 134 stages of developing a program, 30 startup state of logic controller, 81 state initial logic controller, configuring, 81 of controller, displaying, 262 status area, 47 stop sensors, wiring, 189 STOPPED state fallback behavior, 82 311 Index string end character, configuring, 84 subroutine assigning to periodic task, 129 assigning to tasks, 136 implementing as Free POU, 89 of master task, 118 triggering execution with an event, 134 supported devices, 24 symbol list displaying, 162 exporting, 164 importing, 163 sharing with Vijeo Designer project, 165 symbolic addressing, 71 symbols addressing with, 71 defining in graphic elements of ladder editor, 72 defining in Properties window, 71 list of used, 162 storing in logic controller, 72 system bits %S0, 189 %S11, 120 %S14, 262 %S19, 120 %S31, 138 %S38, 138 %S39, 138 %S49, 189 %S51, 189 system bits/words controlling events with, 138 in symbol list, 162 system objects, 152 system requirements, 23 312 system words %SW0, 120 %SW27, 120 %SW30, 120 %SW30. %SW32, 262 %SW31, 120 %SW32, 120 %SW35. %SW38, 262 %SW48, 138 %SW54. %SW57, 262 %SW58, 262 %SW6, 262 T task event, 133 periodic, 129 tasks configuring, 85 template project, 38 saving project file as, 283 test zone, 172 TH0, TH1 configuring as event sources, 134 threshold outputs (of %HSC) configuring as event sources, 134 time base (for trace), 146 timer, watchdog, 82 toolbar buttons, 45 tools animation tables, 142 communication objects, 158 Drive objects, 157 input/output objects, 153 memory consumption, 167 memory objects, 147 network objects, 154 PTO objects, 156 search and replace, 159 software objects, 155 symbols lists, 162 system objects, 152 using, 139 EIO0000003281 02/2020 trace displaying, 228 exporting to PDF, 230 selecting objects to, 142 selecting time base for, 146 Twido projects, converting to EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Basic, 287 U uploading application from logic controller, 253 preventing with a password, 60 restricting with a password, 61 user interface setting language, 49 user-defined function managing, 108 programming, 104 user-defined function block defining, 112 managing, 115 programming, 112 W watchdog timer, configuring, 82 wiring stop sensors, 189 X XOR graphic elements for, 178 EIO0000003281 02/2020 Index 313 Index 314 EIO0000003281 02/2020

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